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Human Biology > Division And Differentiation In Human Cells > Flashcards

Division And Differentiation In Human Cells Flashcards

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1
Q

During meiosis a germline stem cell undergoes two divisions.

Which statement identifies the process that occurs during the second division?

A

Separation of single chromatids

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2
Q

Gametes contain 23 single chromosomes. Which term describes the number of chromosomes in these cells?

A

Haploids

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3
Q

An embryonic stem cell can divide into . . .

A

all cell types

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4
Q

Blood stem cells in the bone marrow can only differentiate into blood cells. What term is used to describe this property?

A

Multipotent

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5
Q

Which of the following are functions of stem cells?

1) Self-renew (divide)
2) Differentiate

A

1 and 2

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6
Q

1) Mitosis
2) Meiosis
3) 23 homologous chromosomes
4) 23 single chromosomes
Which of the above correctly refers to the production of new germline cells and the number of chromosomes it will contain

A

1 and 3

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7
Q

Embryonic stems cells can offer treatments for disease and injury.

What is an ethical issue associated with use of embryonic stem cells?

A

The embryo is destroyed

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8
Q

What is the meaning of the term ‘multipotent’ in relation to cell type?

A

An unspecialised cell which can differentiate into only a few types of cells

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9
Q

Which form(s) of cell division is undertaken by somatic cells?

A

Mitosis only

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10
Q

Which is the number of single chromosomes in a haploid cell?

A

23

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11
Q

The use of embryonic stem cells involves the destruction of embryos. What type of issue arises from this process?

A

Ethical issue

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12
Q

What causes cancer cells to divide excessively?

A

Cancer cells do not respond to regulatory signals

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13
Q

Stem cells can be used in the study of diseases or in drug testing.

This use of stem cells is referred to as . . .

A

Model cells

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14
Q

1) Mitosis
2) Meiosis
3) 23 homologous chromosomes
4) 23 single chromosomes
Which of the above refer to the production of haploid gametes and the number of chromosomes it contains?

A

2 and 4

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15
Q

Which are examples of stem cells?

1) Meristems
2) Embryonic
3)Tissue

A

2 and 3

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16
Q

Which of these refer to an ethical issue regarding the use of embryonic stem cells?

A

Embryos are destroyed

17
Q

Body cells contain 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes. Which term is used to describe these cells?

A

Diploid

18
Q

Stem cells can be used to provide information about cellular processes such as growth and gene regulation.

This use of stem cells is referred to as . . .

A

Stem cell research

19
Q

Which term describes a mass of abnormal cells?

A

Tumour

20
Q

The following refer to cellular processes.

1) Sexual Reproduction
2)Growth
3) Repair
4) Renewal
Which involve the use of tissue stem cells

A

2, 3 and 4

21
Q

Which form(s) of cell division is undertaken by germline cells?

A

Mitosis and meiosis

22
Q

What is the meaning of the term ‘pluripotent’ cell?

A

An unspecialised cell which can differentiate into any cell type

23
Q

Which is the number of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell?

A

23

24
Q

The following items refer to properties of stem cells.

1) Embryonic
2) Tissue
3) Multipotent
4) Pluripotent
Which refer to stem cells found in a particular tissue type?

A

2 and 3

25
Q

A cell produces certain proteins to carry out specific functions for that type of cell.

This process is called:

A

Cellular differentiation

26
Q

During meiosis of germline stem cells, how many divisions will the cells undergo?

A

Two

27
Q

Stem cells can be used to repair damaged organs or tissues.

This use of stem cells is referred to as . . .

A

Therapeutic use

28
Q

During meiosis a germline stem cell undergoes two divisions.

Which statement identifies the process that occurs during the first division?

A

Separation of homologous chromosomes

29
Q

When a cell becomes differentiated it produces proteins characteristic to that type of cell.

This will this allow the cell to . . .

A

carry out specialised functions

Human Biology (12 decks)

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