diversity of matter and chemical bonding cont.

Question 1

INTRAMOLECULAR BOND

Answer 1

covalent bond; bonds within the molecule

Question 2

INTERMOLECULAR FORCES

Answer 2

forces of attraction between molecules
- London Dispersion Forces (LDF)
- Dipole-Dipole Forces (DD)
- Hydrogen Bonding (H-Bond)

Question 3

Which is strong?
Intermolecular forces
Intramolecular forces

Answer 3

Intramolecular forces (Covalent bonds)

Question 4

London Dispersion Forces (LDF)

Answer 4

Special type of vanderwaals force; molecules feel attraction because protons of one feel attraction to electrons of another and vice versa.

Question 5

How to calculate LDF

Answer 5

• add up atomic # of each atom in moelvule

Question 6

What does low and high LDF mean?

Answer 6

low LDF: low magnitude
high LDF: high magnitude

Question 7

what molecules have LDF?

Answer 7

all molecules, polar or non-polar

Question 8

Dipole-Dipole Forces (DD)

Answer 8

the dipole of one polar molecule aligns with dipoles of neighbouring molecules in 3-D
- Slight- is attracted to the slightly+ of another dipoled

Question 9

Hydrogen Bonding (HB)

Answer 9

strongest of the intermolecular forces

Question 10

Is HB a DD?

Answer 10

yes; special type where a H nucleus is simultaneously attracted to the electron of its intramolecular bond, and a lone electron pair on an adjacent molecule

Question 11

what qualifies as an HB?

Answer 11

H atom directly bonded to N, O , F

Question 12

Best way to determine presence of intramolecular forces

Answer 12

• create a 3-D image of the molecule
• create a checklist
  LDF:
  DD:
  HB:

Question 13

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Answer 13

• All matter is made up of tiny particles
• These particles are in constant motion
• As these particles are in motion, they do interact with each other
• The particles exhibit attractive forces over short distances (intramolecular forces)

Question 14

Solid

Answer 14

• only vibrational motion
• flexion within bond length
• Restricted particles movement

Question 15

Liquid

Answer 15

• vibrational and rotational motion
• lightly separated

Question 16

Gas

Answer 16

• translational motion
• highest energy particles

Question 17

Order the states of matter from lowest to highest in IMF

Answer 17

Gas
Liquid
Solid (holds particles together)

Question 18

order states from lowest to highest in Ek

Answer 18

Gas
liquid
solid

Question 19

what happens to IMF when changing from solid to liquid

Answer 19

partially overcome IMF

Question 20

what happens to IMF when changing liquid to gas

Answer 20

completely overcome IMF

Question 21

properties when condensing

Answer 21

• particles slow down
• interactions inc.
• IMF develop

Question 22

properties when freezing

Answer 22

• stronger IMF develop

Question 23

273.15°C

Answer 23

absolute zero; all substances are solid

Question 24

molecules with low MP/BP

Answer 24

low IMF
low amount of energy needed to overcome

Question 25

molecules with high MP/BP

Answer 25

high IMF

Question 26

Solubility statement

Answer 26

like dissolves like

Question 27

polar solvents dissolve….

Answer 27

polar solutes

Question 28

non-polar solvents dissolve…

Answer 28

non-polar solutes

Question 29

are hydrocarbons polar or non-polar

Answer 29

all hydrocarbons are non-polaris CO

Question 30

is CO2 soluble in water>

Answer 30

no
-water molecules are too attracted
-keep CO2 out, can’t fit in