Acids and bases Flashcards
What do acids react with
active metals
(single replacement)
produces H2 bubbles
do acids conduct electricity
yes
what do bases feel like
feel slippery
do bases conduct electricity
yes
acid arrenius definition
molecules that ionize in water to produce Hydrogen ions
Base arrenius definition
ionic metal hydroxides that dissociate in water to produce hydroxide ions
acid-base indicators
derived from plant pigmnents
- have predictable colours at different pH levels
each indicator has two forms:
Hln: acid form
ln: base form
AUTOIONIZATION OF WATER
H2O + H2O <-> H3O= + OH-
when hydronium concentration outweighs hydroxide concentration, the solution is
acidic
when hydroxide concentration outweighs the hydronium concentration, the solution is
basic
when hydronium and hydroxide ions are in balance the solution is
neutral
hydronium ion concentration against acid-neutral-basic locations
uses a curve of best fit, inverse relationship
pH
a negative logarithmic scale of the hydronium ion concentration of a solution
power of Hydrogen
what is a pH is near 0
strong and concentrated acid
what is a pH near <7
dilute and weak acid
what is a pH of 7
neutral
what is a pH near >7
diluted and weak base
what is a pH near 14
concentrated and strong
sig digs on log calculations
of sig digs of [H3O+] = decimal places for pH
pH using [H3O+]
-log [H3O+]
[H3O+] using ph
10^-pH
pOH using [OH-]
-log [OH-]
pH and pOH
pH + pOH = 14
[OH-] using pOH
10^-pOH
dilution concept
each successive 10x dilution of an acid results in an increase of pH by a factor of 1
