acids and bases cont. Flashcards
The modified arrenhius theory
“hydrolysis reaction”
Level one and two
1: operational
2: Arrenius
- acids ionize into H+
- bases dissociates into OH-
Downfall of arrenius theory
- doesn’t explain strong v. weak acids
- doesn’t explain weak bases at all
BASES
water reacts with the solute
- H2O loses a H+, creating OH-
strong acids explained through the modified arrenius theory
100% of the solute particles react with water to make H3O+
weak acids explained through the modified arrenius theory
if 100 molecules of a weak acid go into water, <50% of those molecules react with water. The remaining molecules remain unreacted. An equallibrium system is created; some _ makes H3O+, while other H2O+ is returning back to _
special weak acids explained through the modified arrenius theory
non-metal oxides
COX, SOX, NOX
react with water in the air to make acids
strong bases explained through modified arrenius theory
arrenius bases
metal hydroxides dissociate to make hydroxide ions
concentrated strong acid properties
- many solutes particles
- 100% hydronium
- more conductive
- more reaction with active metal
- lower pH
concentrated weak acid properties
- majority are remaining
- many solute (few are hydronium)
- less conductive
- lower reaction with active metal
dilute strong concentration properties
- less solute
- 100% has made hydronium
dilute weak acid concentration properties
- less solute
- 33% is H3O+
what concentration would have the same pH as another concentration
concentrated weak acid and dilute strong acid
weak bases explained through the modified arrenius theory
most complex
most appear as ionic compounds with no OH- in the formula
what are the steps when handling a weak base
1: dissociate
2: hydrolyse the anion
