atomic structure cont. Flashcards
psuedo stable
a full 3d sublevel
ISOELECTRONIC
same electron configuration
which is removed first: 4s or 3d?
4s
ATOMIC RADIUS
measured as the 1/2 distance between nuclei of 2 adjacent atoms
why does atomic radius inc. as you go down a group
as “n” inc., more energy levels of a electron shield (repel) the valence electron
why does atomic radius dec. as you go across a period
protons inc. and number of electrons inc. but are more attracted to the nucleus
IONIZATION ENERGY (IE)
amount of energy required to completely remove one mole of electron from one mole of gaseous atoms (or ions)
IE down a group, why?
dec., more energy levels shield the valence electron, meaning less attraction required to overcome
IE across a period, why?
inc., stronger attraction to the nucleus, more energy required to overcome
SUCCESSIVE IE, trend, why?
IE inc., more energy required as each electron is closer to the nucleus
ELECTRON AFFINITY (EA)
energy released when 1 mole of electron is added to 1 mole of gaseous atom
EA down a group, why?
dec. (less energy released), more energy levels, more shielding, less attraction to overcome
EA across a period, why?
inc. (more energy released), incoming electron experiences less shielding and more attraction.
REACTIVE METALS IE
dec.
not much energy required to move
REACTIVE METALS EA
dec.
not much energy being released
