Diuretics Flashcards
What class of drug is Indapamide?
Thiazide like diuretic
Drugs that are thiazide like diuretics?
Indapamide and Bendroflumethiazide
Indications of Indapamide
Antihypertensive
Mechanism of action of Indapamide
Inhibits Na/Cl co-transporter in the distal tubule
Adverse effects of Indapamide
Hyperuricaemia, Hyperglycaemia, ED, increase in LDL, increase in triglycerides, Hypercalcaemia, Hypokalaemia
Contra-indications of Indapamide
Addison’s disease, Hypercalcaemia, Hyponatremia, Refractory hypokalaemia, symptomatic hyperuricaemia
Drug-drug interactions of Indapamide
Alcohol and Amlodipine
quite commonly given together to help treat hypotension
Why do you take Indapamide in the morning as a single dose?
So you don’t have to get up in the night to wee
How do you remember Indapamide?
What type of drug class is Spironolactotne?
Potassium sparing diuretic
What are the common indications of Spironolactone?
Heart failure
What is the mechanism of action of Spironolactone?
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist ,aldosterone antagonist
What are the adverse drug reactions of Spironolactone?
Gynaecomastia, hyperkalaemia, cutaneous adverse reaction
What are important drug-drug interactions of Spironolactone?
Alcohol, Amiloride and ACEi
How do you remember Spironolactone?
Holding bananas- potassium sparing
Minions won’t drink alcohol (drug-drug interaction)
Together look like two boobs (gynaecomastia)
what diuretics fall under ADH antagonists
conivaptan/tolvaptan
how do ADH antagonists work
they interfere with binding of ADH in collecting duct and alter the expression of AQP2 in principal cells
what are some side effects of ADH antagonists
hyponatraemia
which drug class reduces the effect of diuretics and why
NSAIDS
they inhibit prostaglandin synthesis and so cause sodium and water retention
which diuretic drug class is used specifically in glaucoma
carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
acetazolamide
methazolamide
how do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work
- they inhibit the reabsorption of bicarbonate in the pct so bicarbonate remains in the tubule
which specific diuretic is used when there is a rise in intracerebral pressure
mannitol
how does mannitol work
it is an osmotic diuretic and so draws water into the tubule
what is the drug class of furosemide or bumetanide
loop diuretics
they inhibit the NaKClC2
so reduced reabsorption of NaCl in the thick ascending loop of henley
