Diuretics

Question 1

What do diuretics do and where do they act?

Answer 1

• Work in the kidney

- Cause sodium excretion which leads to water excretion

Question 2

Indications for diuretic use (6)

Answer 2

• Edema associated with heart failure
• Acute pulmonary edema
• Liver disease
• Rena disease
• HTN
• Conditions that cause hyperkalemia

Question 3

First line treatment for HTN

Answer 3

Thiazide

Question 4

Thiazide indications (2)

Answer 4

• Tx of peripheral edema

- Tx for HTN

Question 5

Because using thiazides in what patients?

Answer 5

Renal impairment/renal failure

Question 6

Thiazide side effects (4)

Answer 6

• Electrolytes
• Hyperglycemia
• Hyperuricemia
• Hyperlipidemia

Question 7

Hydrochlorothiazide route of administration

Answer 7

PO

Question 8

Chlorothiazide route of administration

Answer 8

PO

Question 9

Metolazone route of administration

Answer 9

PO

Question 10

Drug-drug interactions of thiazide (2)

Answer 10

• Lanoxin

- Antihypertensives (severe hypotension)

Question 11

Loop diuretics are ___ potent compared to thiazides

Answer 11

More

Question 12

Loop diuretic indications (4)

Answer 12

• Acute CHF
• Acute pulmonary edema
• Edema associated with renal or liver disease
• Hypertension

Question 13

Loop diuretics cause the reabsorption of what (2)

Answer 13

• Sodium

- Water

Question 14

Loop diuretic side effects (2)

Answer 14

• Hypocalemia

- Hypokalemia

Question 15

Loop diuretics waste what?

Answer 15

Potassium

Question 16

Loop diuretics need what?

Answer 16

Potassium supplement

Question 17

Loop diuretics have a similar allergy with what other drug

Answer 17

Sulfa drugs

Question 18

Furosemide (Lasix) route of administration

Answer 18

PO/IV

Question 19

Bumetanide (Bumex) route of administration

Answer 19

IV

Question 20

Drug-drug interactions for loop diuretics (2)

Answer 20

• Aminoglycosides (Autotoxic, ringing in ears)

- Anticoagulants (increase effectiveness of anticoagulants)

Question 21

Furosemide is ____potent when given IV rather than PO

Answer 21

2 times

Question 22

Bumetanide is ____more potent than furosemide

Answer 22

4 times

Question 23

Acetazolamie (diamox) route of administration

Answer 23

Eye drops

Question 24

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor indication

Answer 24

Used to decrease intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma

Question 25

Potassium-Sparing Diuretics block what?

Answer 25

Aldosterone

Question 26

Potassium sparing diuretics promote ___ and ___ excretion?

Answer 26

Sodium and water

Question 27

Potassium-Sparing Diuretic Indications (3)

Answer 27

• Adjunct for thiazide or loop diuretics
• HF
• HTN

Question 28

Potassium-Sparing Diuretic Side Effect

Answer 28

Hyperkalemia

Question 29

Drug-Drug Potassium-Sparing Diuretic (1)

Answer 29

ACE Inhibitor can cause life threatening hyperkalemia

Question 30

Osmotic Diuretic are ____potent and only used in ____situations

Answer 30

• Most

- Emergency

Question 31

Osmotic Diuretic Indications (4)

Answer 31

• Increased cranial pressure
• Acute renal failure due to shock
• Drug overdose
• Increased intraocular pressure

Question 32

Osmotic Diuretic Contraindication (3)

Answer 32

• Anuria
• HF
• Renal failure

Question 33

Osmotic Diuretic Side Effects (7)

Answer 33

• Electrolyte imbalance
• Dehydration
• Tachycardia
• Hypotension
• Light-headed es
• Confusion
• Headache