Diuretics Flashcards
What do diuretics do and where do they act?
- Work in the kidney
- Cause sodium excretion which leads to water excretion
Indications for diuretic use (6)
- Edema associated with heart failure
- Acute pulmonary edema
- Liver disease
- Rena disease
- HTN
- Conditions that cause hyperkalemia
First line treatment for HTN
Thiazide
Thiazide indications (2)
- Tx of peripheral edema
- Tx for HTN
Because using thiazides in what patients?
Renal impairment/renal failure
Thiazide side effects (4)
- Electrolytes
- Hyperglycemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Hyperlipidemia
Hydrochlorothiazide route of administration
PO
Chlorothiazide route of administration
PO
Metolazone route of administration
PO
Drug-drug interactions of thiazide (2)
- Lanoxin
- Antihypertensives (severe hypotension)
Loop diuretics are ___ potent compared to thiazides
More
Loop diuretic indications (4)
- Acute CHF
- Acute pulmonary edema
- Edema associated with renal or liver disease
- Hypertension
Loop diuretics cause the reabsorption of what (2)
- Sodium
- Water
Loop diuretic side effects (2)
- Hypocalemia
- Hypokalemia
Loop diuretics waste what?
Potassium
Loop diuretics need what?
Potassium supplement
Loop diuretics have a similar allergy with what other drug
Sulfa drugs
Furosemide (Lasix) route of administration
PO/IV
Bumetanide (Bumex) route of administration
IV
Drug-drug interactions for loop diuretics (2)
- Aminoglycosides (Autotoxic, ringing in ears)
- Anticoagulants (increase effectiveness of anticoagulants)
Furosemide is ____potent when given IV rather than PO
2 times
Bumetanide is ____more potent than furosemide
4 times
Acetazolamie (diamox) route of administration
Eye drops
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor indication
Used to decrease intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics block what?
Aldosterone
Potassium sparing diuretics promote ___ and ___ excretion?
Sodium and water
Potassium-Sparing Diuretic Indications (3)
- Adjunct for thiazide or loop diuretics
- HF
- HTN
Potassium-Sparing Diuretic Side Effect
Hyperkalemia
Drug-Drug Potassium-Sparing Diuretic (1)
ACE Inhibitor can cause life threatening hyperkalemia
Osmotic Diuretic are ____potent and only used in ____situations
- Most
- Emergency
Osmotic Diuretic Indications (4)
- Increased cranial pressure
- Acute renal failure due to shock
- Drug overdose
- Increased intraocular pressure
Osmotic Diuretic Contraindication (3)
- Anuria
- HF
- Renal failure
Osmotic Diuretic Side Effects (7)
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Dehydration
- Tachycardia
- Hypotension
- Light-headed es
- Confusion
- Headache
