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Pharmacology > CNS/PNS > Flashcards

CNS/PNS Flashcards

1
Q

CNS Stimulant Actions

A

Stimulate the release of neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine-then block reuptake

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2
Q

CNS Indications (2)

A
  • ADD/ADHD

- Narcolepsy

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3
Q

CNS Stimulant Side Effects (6)

A
  • Nervousness
  • Insomnia
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Blurred vision
  • Anorexia
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4
Q

Drug-drug CNS Stimulant (3)

A
  • MAOI (HTN crisis)
  • Tricyclic antidepressant
  • Phenytonin
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5
Q

Atomoxetine (Strattera) is _____

A

Non-addictive

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6
Q

Methylphenidate and amphetamine are ___

A

Controlled substance (physical and psychological dependence)

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7
Q

Goal of anticonvulsant drugs

A

Suppress abnormal neuron firing

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8
Q

Gabapentin can also be use for patients with….

A

Peripheral neuropathy due to DM

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9
Q

Hydantoins are best for patients who are unable to tolerate what?

A

Sedation and drowsiness

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10
Q

Side effects for Hydantoins (3)

A
  • Gingival hyperplasia
  • Teratogenic
  • Decreased libido
  • Nystagmus (eye twitching)
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11
Q

Barbiturates indications (3)

A
  • Partial seizures
  • Grand mal seizures
  • Acute episodes of status epilepticus
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12
Q

Barbiturates cautions

A
  • Sedation, and patient tolerance to drug

- Discontinue phenobarbital (gradually to reduce risk for seizure)

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13
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin) indication

A

Controlling petit mal seizures

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14
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin) tolerance may occur when?

A

After 6 months of use

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15
Q

Clonazepam (Klonopin) route of administration

A

PO

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16
Q

clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene) indication

A

Adjunctive hearty for treating partial seizures

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17
Q

Clorazepate dipotassium (Tranxene) route of administration

A

PO

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18
Q

Diazepam (Valium) is used for what?

A

Emergency situations

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19
Q

Diazepam (Valium) route of administration

A

IV

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20
Q

Diazepam (Valium) indication

A

Acute status epilepticus

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21
Q

When giving valproic acid (Depakote) what should you monitor?

A

-Liver enzymes

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22
Q

Valproic acid has a ____therapeutic window

A

Narrow

23
Q

Valproic acid indication (2)

A
  • Petit mal

- Grand mal

24
Q

What order should drugs be given during status epilepticus

A
  1. Diazepam
  2. Lorazepam
  3. Phenytoin
  4. Midazolam (Versed) or proposal (Diprivan)
25
Q

Parkinson’s disease has an imbalance of what two things?

A

Dopamine and acetylcholine

26
Q

Parkinson’s medications will effect what two things?

A

Dopamine or acetylcholine

27
Q

Anticholinergic blocks what?

A

Acetylcholine

28
Q

Anticholinergic indications (2)

A
  • Tx of Parkinson’s disease

- Relief of extrapyramidal symptoms

29
Q

Anticholinergic contraindications (3)

A
  • Narrow angle glaucoma
  • GI obstruction
  • Prostatic hypertrophy
30
Q

Anticholinergic cautions (2)

A
  • Dysrhythmias

- Hypotension

31
Q

Benzotropine (Cogentin) route of administration

A

PO

32
Q

Biperiden (Akineotn) route of administration

A

PO

33
Q

trihexyphenidyl (Artane) route of administration

A

PO

34
Q

Anticholinergic side effects (6)

A
  • Disorientation
  • Agitation
  • Delirium
  • Urinary retention
  • Constipation
  • Dry mouth
35
Q

Drug-drug interactions with Anticholinergic (2)

A
  • Tricyclic antidepressants

- Phenthiazine

36
Q

Dopaminergic does what?

A

Increase dopamine levels

37
Q

Dopaminergic indication

A

Relief of the signs and symptoms of Parkinson’s disease

38
Q

Dopaminergic contraindications (2)

A
  • Angle closure glaucoma

- GI obstruction

39
Q

Dopaminergic cautions (2)

A
  • CV disease

- Psychiatric disorders

40
Q

Dopaminergic Side Effects (4)

A
  • Anxiety, nervousness
  • Headache
  • Blurred vision
  • Dysrhthmias
41
Q

Drug-drug Dopaminergic (2)

A
  • MAOI (HTN crisis)

- Vitamin B6 (decreases absorption)

42
Q

What is the main Tx for Parkinson’s disease?

A

Levodopa

43
Q

Levodopa route of administration

A

PO

44
Q

Carbidopa-levodopa can’t be given with what?

A

Protein

45
Q

Levodopa is the precursor to what?

A

Dopamine

46
Q

Why is carbidopa paired with levodopa?

A

Carbidopa allows for the levodopa to enter the brain

47
Q

MAO-B inhibitors do what?

A

Block the enzyme MAO-B, which breaks down dopamine

48
Q

COMT inhibitors do what?

A

Inhibit the enzyme that inactivates dopamine

49
Q

Goal for Alzheimer’s medications

A

Slow the cognitive decline

50
Q

Acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors do what? (2)

A
  • Allow more acetylcholine in neuron receptors

- Increase/maintain cognitive function

51
Q

Acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors indication

A

Mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease

52
Q

Acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors caution

A

Hepatoxicity

53
Q

Acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors drug-drug (3)

A
  • Theophylline
  • TCA’s
  • Cimetidine

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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