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GI > Dissection > Flashcards

Dissection Flashcards

1
Q

What blood vessels supply the mammary glands?

A

Cranial 2 pairs - superficial cranial epigastric

Caudal 3 pairs - superficial caudal epigastrtric

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2
Q

What is the superficial cranial epigastric artery a branch of?

A

Internal thoracic artery

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3
Q

What is the superficial caudal epigastric what is a branch of?

A

External pudendal artery

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4
Q

What 4 blood vessels supply the abdominal wall?

A 
Cranial epigastric (cranioventral)
Cranial abdominal (craniodorsal)
Caudal epigastric (caudoventral)
Deep circumflex iliac (caudodorsal)
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5
Q

Where do the mammary glands drain into?

A

Cranial 3 pairs- axillary LN

Caudal 2 pairs - inguinal LN

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6
Q

What direction do the EAO fibres run? What about the IAO?

A

EAO - caudoventral

IAO - cranioventral

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7
Q

A slip of the IAO muscle runs through the inguinal canal to form which muscle?

A

Cremaster

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8
Q

Where do all the abdominal muscles insert on to form an aponeurosis?

A

Linea alba

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9
Q

What is the name of the large inguinal nerve that is L3? (Seen between ab all muscles)

A

Ilioinguinal nerve

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10
Q

What is an aponeurosis?

A

Fibrous tendon of a flat muscle

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11
Q

What passes through the inguinal canal in the male? (3 things)

A

Spermatic cord
Cremaster
External pedundal VAN

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12
Q

What passes through the inguinal canal in the female?

A

Round ligament of uterus
Genitofemoral nerve
External pudendal VAN

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13
Q

What is the faliciform ligament? What is it a remnant of?

A

Large, fat fold of peritoneum

Ventral mesentery

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14
Q

What does the falciform ligament attach?

A

Attaches liver to ventral wall at umbilicus

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15
Q

What ligament is found within the falciform ligament?

A

Round ligament of liver

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16
Q

What is the round ligament of the liver a remnant of?

A

Umbilical vein

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17
Q

The greater and lesser omentums are connecting peritoneum. What do they attach and to where?

A

Greater - from greater curvature of stomach to body wall

Lesser - from lesser curvature of stomach to liver

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18
Q

What is the omental bursa?

A

Potential space - between 2 folds of greater omentum (folds back on itself)

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19
Q

What is the only opening into the omental bursa?

A

Epiploic foramen

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20
Q

What does the gastrosplenic ligament attach?

A

Greater curvature of stomach to spleen

Lots of fat in it

21
Q

What are the 5 ligaments of the liver?

A 
L and R triangular (to diaphragm)
Coronary (to diaphragm)
Falciform ligament (to ventral ab wall)
Round ligament (in falciform ligament)
Hepatoduodenal ligament
22
Q

What are the bounds of the epiploic foramen?

A

Caudal VC
Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic artery
Liver

23
Q

What attaches the duodenum to the body wall?

A

Mesoduodenum

24
Q

What are the portions of the duodenum (from start to end?)

A 
Sigmoid flexure
Cranial flexure
Descending duodenum
Caudal flexure
Ascending duodenum
25
Q

What connects the colon to the duodenum?

A

Duodenocolic fold

26
Q

Where are the lobes and body of the pancreas found?

A

Right lobe - within mesoduodenum
Left lobe - within deep leaf of greater omentum
Body - at pylorus

27
Q

What are the lobes of the liver?

A

Left medial and lateral
Right medial and lateral
Caudate
Quadrate

28
Q

The gall bladder is found between which lobes of the liver?

A

Right medial

Quadrate

29
Q

What duct leaves the gall bladder? What does this form?

A 
Cystic duct (+hepatic duct enters here) 
Bile duct
30
Q

Where does the bile duct enter and how?

A

Duodenum

Major duodenal papillae (accessory duct enters via accessory pancreatic duct)

31
Q

What is the name of the portion of the bile duct that runs in the duodenal wall?

A

Intramural bile duct

32
Q

The hepatic portal vein is formed from veins draining which organs?

A

GI tract
Spleen
Pancreas

33
Q

Where does the hepatic vein drain into?

A

Liver

Then into caudal VC

34
Q

What attaches the jejunum to the body wall?

A

Mesojejunum

Wide = very mobile, easily exteriorised

35
Q

What is within the mesojejunum?

A

Many lymph nodes

36
Q

Grossly - the ileum looks like the jejunum. How can you distinguish the ileum?

A

Only part of intestine with anti-mesenteric blood vessels (short - 15cm)
Run opposite to normal mesenteric blood vessels, on top of the ileum

37
Q

How does the tail end of the caecum attach to the ileum? Does the caecum communicate with the ileum?

A

Ileocaecal fold

No - only communicates with colon

38
Q

What shape is the colon in the dog?

A

Question mark (if looking at ventrodorsal view)

39
Q

What are the parts to colon?

A 
Ascending colon 
Right colic flexure
Transverse colon 
Left colic flexure
Descending colon
40
Q

What are the 3 ligaments of the bladder?

A

Left
Right
Median

41
Q

The left and right ligaments of the bladder convey which ligament? What is this a remnant of?

A

Round ligament of bladder

Umbilical arteries

42
Q

What does the median fold support in a foetus? Does it contain anything in the adult?

A

Urachus

No - empty

43
Q

What 3 veins return blood via the hepatic portal vein? (German shepherds are cool)

A

Gastroduodenal ven
Splenic vein
Cranial mesenteric vein

44
Q

What are the holes in the diaphragm? What passes through these (3,2,1)

A

Aortic - aorta, azygous vein, thoracic duct
Oesophageal hiatus - oesophagus and vagus nerve
Caval foramen - caudal vena cava

45
Q

What attaches the diaphragm to the vertebrae?

A

Left and right crura

46
Q

What are the 3 branches of splanchnic nerves and what ganglia do they go into?

A

Major and minor - go into caelicomesenteric ganglia

Lumbar - go into caudal mesenteric ganglion

47
Q

What 2 nerves come off the caudal mesenteric ganglion?

A

Hypogastric nerve

Nerve to LI

48
Q

What forms the pelvic plexus?

A 
Hypogastric 
Pelvic nerves (S1-S3)

GI (12 decks)

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