disorders involving gender & sexuality

Question 1

gender identity

Answer 1

one’s psychological sense of being female or being male

Question 2

transgender identity

Answer 2

the psychological sense of belonging to one gender while possessing the sex organs of another

Question 3

gender dysphoria

Answer 3

marked incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed gender and assigned gender
lasts at least 6 months
not all that have a transgender identity experience this
controversial - should this be a diagnosis?
THEORIES FOR THIS ARE SUB PAR AT BEST

Question 4

psychodynamic theory: gender dysphoria

Answer 4

arises from extremely close mother-son relationships or when a child has emotionally empty relationship with parents
when a child has an absent or distressed father
overidentification with mother in young males
girls with weak and ineffectual mothers may identify more with their fathers

Question 5

learning theory: gender dysphoria

Answer 5

modeling is important in understanding the development of this
absent father in young boys

Question 6

biological theory: gender dysphoria

Answer 6

transgender identity may develop from male sex hormones impact on the brain
diathesis stress model: genetic influence + hormones + interactions with life experiences

Question 7

sexual dysfunction

Answer 7

persistent or recurring problems with sexual arousal, interest, or response
characterized by inability to respond sexually or to experience sexual pleasure

Question 8

4 subtypes of sexual dysfunction

Answer 8

1. lifelong - from first sexual experience onward
2. generalized - not limited to certain partners or situations
3. acquired
4. situational

Question 9

potential influences on sexual dysfunction

Answer 9

partner factors
relationship factors
individual vulnerability
cultural or religious factors
medical factors

Question 10

male hypoactive sexual desire disorder

Answer 10

lowered sexual desire in males

Question 11

female sexual interest/arousal disorder

Answer 11

lowered sexual desire in females

Question 12

orgasmic disorders

Answer 12

female orgasmic disorder
delayed ejaculation
premature ejaculation

Question 13

pain/penetration disorders

Answer 13

genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder
treatment: sensate focus

Question 14

psychological causes of sexual disorders

Answer 14

physically or psychologically traumatizing experience, conditioned anxiety from a history of sexual trauma
performance anxiety
unrealistic beliefs

Question 15

biological causes of sexual disorders

Answer 15

testosterone plays a key role in sexual desire for everyone
narcotics can decrease production of testosterone
cardiovascular disease can reduce blood flow to genitals

Question 16

paraphilic disorders

Answer 16

any intense & persistent sexual interest other than sexual interest in genital stimulation or preparatory fondling with phenotypically normal, physically mature, consenting human partners

Question 17

exhibitionism (flashing)

Answer 17

strong and recurrent urges, fantasies, or behaviors of exposing one’s genitals to unsuspecting others for the purpose of sexual arousal
CRIME WHEN ACTED ON

Question 18

transvestic fetishism

Answer 18

recurrent & intense sexual arousal from cross-dressing, as manifested by fantasies, urges, or behaviors experienced for at least 6 months

Question 19

fetishistic disorder

Answer 19

recurrent & intense sexual arousal from either the use of non-living objects or focus on non-genital body parts
individuals often can’t become sexually aroused without the subject of the fetish

Question 20

voyeuristic disorder (peeping tom)

Answer 20

recurrent & intense sexual arousal from observing an unsuspecting person in the process of disrobing or engaging in sexual activity
CRIME WHEN ACTED ON

Question 21

frotteuristic disorder

Answer 21

recurrent & intense sexual arousal from touching or rubbing against a non-consenting person
CRIME WHEN ACTED ON

Question 22

sexual masochism disorder

Answer 22

recurrent & intense sexual arousal from act of being humiliated, beaten, bound, or otherwise made to suffer

Question 23

sexual sadism disorder

Answer 23

recurrent and intense sexual arousal from physical or psychological suffering of another person
this is non-consenting individual and ALSO A CRIME
consenting version of this is sadomasochism

Question 24

pedophilic disorder

Answer 24

recurrent and intense sexual arousal involving sexual activity with a prepubescent child or children
patient must be at least 16 years of age and at least 5 years older than the child or children that the individual is experiencing urges over
child must be at most 13