Diseases of the Skin p1192-1222 Flashcards
Chose which autoimmune skin disease this describes: Histologically - intraepidermal acantholysis and immunologically by intercellular deposition of immunoglobulin; antibodies against transmembrane protein desmoglein 1 —> proteolytic enzymes are released that destroy attachments between adjoining epidermal cells; primary lesion is a pustule that is fragile and transient, ruptures soon and results in erosions, collarettes, scale and crust; steroid treatment or azathioprine for treatment
A. Alopecia areata
B. Bulbous pemphigoid
C. Pemphigus foliaceus
D. Pemphigus vulgaris
C. Pemphigus foliaceus
Biopsy submitted - looking for intragranular to subcorneal cleft and vesicle formation
Chose which autoimmune skin disease this describes: rare disease reported in horses; antibody against epidermal transmembrane protein desmoglein 3; vesicles and ulcerative lesions in mucocutaneous and cutaneous areas
A. Alopecia areata
B. Bulbous pemphigoid
C. Pemphigus foliaceus
D. Pemphigus vulgaris
D. Pemphigus vulgaris
Chose which autoimmune skin disease this describes: autoimmune vesiculobullous and ulcerative disorder that affects the cutaneous basement membrane zone; anti-BMZ Abs bind to a glycoprotein Ag in the laminate lucida of the BMZ; clinically by painful, crusted or ulcerative lesions of the skin, mucous membranes and mucocutaneous junctions
A. Alopecia areata
B. Bulbous pemphigoid
C. Pemphigus foliaceus
D. Pemphigus vulgaris
B. Bulbous pemphigoid
Chose which autoimmune skin disease this describes: non pruritic alopecia; most commonly affected the mane, tail and face, although any part of the body could be affected
A. Alopecia areata
B. Bulbous pemphigoid
C. Pemphigus foliaceus
D. Pemphigus vulgaris
A. Alopecia areata
What is the presumed etiology of atopic dermatitis?
A. Type I hypersensitivity
B. Type II hypersensitivity
C. Type III hypersensitivity
D. Type IV hypersensitivity
A. Type I hypersensitivity, mediated by IgE. IgE is directed toward specific allergens, and when allergens are bound to two IgE antibodies, on the surface of mast cells, the mast cell releases granules containing substances that erythema, vascular leaking and pruritus.
What’s the difference between urticaria and angioedema?
Urticaria is characterized by transient focal swellings in the skin or mucous membranes called wheals. Angioedema is essentially identical but involves the SQ tissues.
Describe how milk allergy occurs in dairy cattle.
Increased intramammary pressure causes milk proteins to reach circulation, inciting a Type I hypersensitivity. Seen in cattle fo the Channel Island breeds. CULL!
What kind of hypersensitivity is contact dermatitis?
A. Type I hypersensitivity
B. Type II hypersensitivity
C. Type III hypersensitivity
D. Type IV hypersensitivity
D. Type IV hypersensitivity - a delayed-type hypersensitivity, so prior exposure is required to sensitize the skin to the material eliciting the dermatitis
What is the infective stage of Dermatophilus congolensis?
Zoospores released from chronically infected animals that have become moistened, are the source of infection in cases of rain rot.
What are the three conditions that must be present for Dermatophilus to manifest?
- Carrier animal
- Moisture
- Skin abrasions
What are the differences between folliculitis, furunculosis and impetigo?
Folliculitis - inflammation of the hair follicles secondary to a bacterial infection
Furunculosis - follicular infection that breaks through the follicular wall
Impetigo - bacterial infection that causes subcorneal pustules but does not involve hair follicles
What is the bacteria most likely isolated from bacterial folliculitis?
Staphylococcus, both S. aureus and S. pseudointermedius
What kind of bacteria is associated with cellulitis in equids? Define cellulitis.
Cellulitis - deep suppurative infection that separates the planes of tissues
Coagulase-positive staphylococci has been isolated from all reported cases
Pigeon fever is attributed to what bacteria? What test is used to diagnose, and does it distinguish between internal and external abscesses?
Pigeon fever is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. The synergistic hemolysis inhibition test is useful for diagnosis of internal abscesses but is unreliable for external abscesses.
Which viral disease of the skin is described?
In cattle, lesions are seen on the teats, penis, interdigital skin or alimentary tract. In horses, lesion are seen on the face. Rare in goats and sheep. Small lesions can be crushed, pinched or surgically removed. Tissue can be made into a crude autogenous vaccine. The same virus causing these lesions in horses can be isolated in horses.
A. Aural plaques B. Bovine herpes mammillitis C. Goat and Sheeppox D. Papilloma virus E. Pseudocowpox
D. Papilloma virus
Which viral disease of the skin is described?
Inner pinna is often affected; nonpruritic, can occur on the genitalia and mammary glands; biopsy or shaving off lesion can stimulate reduction or resolution of masses, but can be temporary; may release viral antigens into the blood stream during a surgical procedure
A. Aural plaques B. Bovine herpes mammillitis C. Goat and Sheeppox D. Papilloma virus E. Pseudocowpox
A. Aural plaques, a form of viral papilloma virus
Which viral disease of the skin is described?
Related to contagious ecthyma of sheep and goats and bovine papular stomatitis; can cause lesions in humans; confined to teats of cattle; causes minor teat lesions —> small papular followed by crusting and circular spread of the lesion —> ring or horseshoe-shaped scab; increased incidence of mastitis; vesiculation is RARE
A. Aural plaques B. Bovine herpes mammillitis C. Goat and Sheeppox D. Papilloma virus E. Pseudocowpox
E. Pseudocowpox
