Diseases and Microbiology

Question 1

Bloody diarrhea

Answer 1

Campylobacter
Entamoeba histolytica
EHEC
EIEC
Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 2

Watery diarrhea

Answer 2

C. diff
C. perfringes (gas gangrene)
ETEC
Vibro cholera
Rotovirus
Norovirus

Question 3

Pneumonia

Answer 3

Neonate: GBS

Children: RSV, mycoplasma, C. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae

Young Adults: mycoplasma, C. pneumoniae, S. pneumoniae

Adults: S. pneumoniae, HIB, Anaerobes, viruses, mycoplasma

Elderly: S. pnemoniae, influenza virus, anaerobes, HIB, gram-negatives (pseudomonas)

Aspiration: anaerobs

Alcoholics: klebsiella, staph

Atypical: mycoplasma, chlamydia, legionella

CF: pseudomonas, S. aures, S. pneumo

Immunocompromised: staph, enteric, fungi, viruses, PCP

Nosocomial: staph, pseudomonas

Question 4

Meningitis

Answer 4

Newborn: GBS, E.coli, listeria

Children: S. pneumo, N.meningidis, HIB, enterovirus

Adults: S. pneumo, N meningidis, Enterovirus, HSV

Elderly: S. pneumo, gram negatives, listeria

Immunocompromised: CMV, cryptococcus, toxo, JC virus

Question 5

Osteomyelitis

Answer 5

No risk factor: S. aureus

Sexually active: N. gonorrhea

Diabetes: pseudomonas

Sickle cell: salmonella

Prosthetic joint: S. epidermidis

Vertebral involvement: Potts disease (M. Tb)

Question 6

UTI

Answer 6

E. coli
Staph saprophyticus
Klebsiella
Serratia
Enterbacter
Pseudomonas

Question 7

Vaginal infections

Answer 7

Bacterial vaginosis: Gardnella vaginalis, thin white fishy dc

Trichomonasis: grey green foul-smelling dc

Candida vulvovaginitis: thick white cottage cheese dc

Question 8

ToRCHeS

Answer 8

Toxoplasma: chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcification

Rubella: PDA, cataracts, deafness, blueberry muffin rash

CMV: hearing loss, seizures, blueberry muffin rash

HIV: recurrent infections, chronic diarrhea

HSV2: encephalitis, herpetic vesicular lesions

Syphilis: stillbirth, hydrop fetalis, notched teetch, saddle nose, deafness

Question 9

Pediatric rashes

Answer 9

Coxsackievirus type A: hand/foot/mouth, vesicular rash on palm soles and oral mucosa

HHV6: roseola, macular rash after several days of fever

Measles virus: measles, rash preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, Koplik spots

Parovirus B19: erythema infectionusm (5th disease), slapped check rash

Rubella virus: rubella, rash begins at head and move down

Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS): scarlet fever, sand-paper like rash, strawberry tongue, sore throat

VZV: chicken pox, vesicular rash begins on trunk spread to face and extremities

Question 10

Antibiotics to avoid in pregnancy

Answer 10

SAFe Children Take Really Good Care

Sulfonamides
Aminoglycosides
Fluoroquinolones
Clarithromycin
Tetracycline
Ribavririn
Griseofulvin
Chloramphenicol: gray baby