Diseases

Question 1

S/S of PE (pulmonary embolism):

Answer 1

SOB
Chest pain
Syncope
Cough ( may have blood)
Tachycardia
Leg pain/edema
Fever
Lightheadness

Question 2

Pleural effusion

Answer 2

A buildup of fluid between the tissues that line the lungs and the chest.

Question 3

What are signs of acute menigitis?

Answer 3

• Fever
• Stiff neck
• photophobia (Light sensitivity)
• Onset in hours to few days
• AMS and seizures

Question 4

what are the signs of TB infection?

Answer 4

Latent:

• no signs
• not contagious

Active:

• Very infectious
• Weakness
• Weight loss
• Fever
• No appetite
• Chills
• Sweating at night

Question 5

What are the S/S of a stroke?

Answer 5

• Sudden onset of numbness or weakness of face, arm, leg
  • Sudden onset of confusion
  • Sudden slurring of speech or trouble speaking
  • Sudden onset of blurred vision
  • Sudden onset of dizziness or lack of balance
  • Sudden onset of a severe headache with no other cause
  • Numbness or tingling in the hand
  • Sudden visual changes

Question 6

What are the S/S of AMI (acute myocardial infarction)?

Answer 6

• Chest discomfort radiating to jaw, arms, shoulders, or back
  • Anxiety
  • Dyspnea
  • Sense of impending doom
  • Diaphoresis (excessive sweating)
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Light-headedness or dizziness
  • Weakness

Question 7

What are the S/S of cardiac tamponade?

Answer 7

• Becks triad (hypotension w/ narrow BP, muffled heart sounds, JVD)
• Sharp pain in chest
• Problems breathing
• edema in legs or abdomen
• tachypnea
• Chest pain that gets worse with deep breathing or coughing
• fainting or dizziness
• Jaundice
• cyanosis

Question 8

What are S/S of tension pneumothorax?

Answer 8

• Chest pain
• Tachypnea
• Dyspnea
• sucking or gurgling sounds over wound
• deviated trachea

Question 9

What are S/S of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Answer 9

• Edema
• rales/crackles in lungs
• chest pain
• SOB
• orthopnea
• JVD

Question 10

What are the S/S of angina pectoris (ischemic chest pain) ?

Answer 10

• squealing, pressure , heaviness
• usually last short time (<5 mins)
• relieved by rest and medication

Question 11

What is the treatment of angina pectoris (ischemic chest pain)?

Answer 11

• aspirin
• O2
• nitro

Question 12

What is the treatment of for cardiac tamponade ?

Answer 12

• support ABC’s
• treat for shock
• rapid transport
• notify Receiving facility

Question 13

What is the treatment of of congestive heart failure (CHF)?

Answer 13

• support ABC’s
• administer CPAP
• NRM (if no CPAP)
• nitro

Question 14

What are the S/S of MI in women?

Answer 14

• back pain
• severe indigestion
• abdominal pain
• ams/ unexplained weakness

Question 15

What is the treatment of a stroke?

Answer 15

• support ABC’s
• give O2
• rapid transport to stroke center
• determine “last well known” time

Question 16

What is the treatment for shock?

Answer 16

• find and fix cause of shock
  (cpr, tourniquet, epinephrine)
• keep warm
• give O2
• administer IV with fluids

Question 17

What are the general signs of shock?

Answer 17

Change in mental state
Agitation, confusion, unresponsiveness

• Tachypnea
  Rapid breathing ( >25 breaths/minute)
• Tachycardia
  Rapid heart rate ( >100 BPM)
• Hypotension
  Low Blood pressure ( <90/60 mmHg)
• Skin Changes
  Cool, clammy, pale
• Oliguria
  Low urine output

Question 18

What is the treatment of tension pneumothorax?

Answer 18

• O2
• seal wound with occlusive dressing w/ 3 sides of tape
• needle decompression in second intercostal space (above 3rd rib)

Question 19

What are S/S of intracranial pressure (ICP)?

Answer 19

• irregular breathing (Cheyenne stroke)
• bradycardia
• widened BP
• headaches, nausea, vomiting
• AMS
• sluggish or absent pupil response
• decerebrate posturing

Question 20

What is acute meningitis?

Answer 20

an inflammation of the membranes (meninges) that cover the brain and spinal cord

Question 21

What is PE (pulmonary embolism)?

Answer 21

condition in which one or more arteries in the lungs become blocked by a blood clot