Diseases

Question 1

Huntington’s disease

Answer 1

Trinucleotide CAG repeats (glycine) that lead to the destabilize of the Huntington’s protein which is normally cytoplasmic, but proteolytic cleavage allows it to diffuse into the nucleus

Question 2

Coccidia

Answer 2

Bacterium that recognizes glycoproteins on intestinal epithelial cells and infects and proliferates

Question 3

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 3

A type of coccidia caused by toxoplasma Gondi

Question 4

Measles

Answer 4

Virus that infects cells through the fusogenic properties of membranes leading to aggregation of dysfunctional multinucleated cells

Question 5

Walking (mycoplasma) pneumonia

Answer 5

Lives on the cilia of respiratory epithelial cells and “suck” the cholesterol out which makes them too limp to beat

Question 6

HIV

Answer 6

Virus that infects cells through the fusogenic properties of membranes which leads to aggregates of dysfunctional multinucleated cells

Question 7

Fabry’s disease

Answer 7

Lysosomal storage disease that leads to B-galacsidase deficiency- ERT is effective

Question 8

Anaphylaxis

Answer 8

Caused in part by an overproduction of Leukotrienes which cause vasodilation and bronco constriction

Question 9

Niemann- Pick

Answer 9

Lysosomal storage disease, sphingomyelase deficiency

Question 10

GM1 gangliosidodid

Answer 10

Lysosomal storage disease that leads to a GM1 gangliosidase deficiency

Question 11

Gaucheries disease

Answer 11

Lysosomal storage disease which leads to Glucocerebrosidase deficiency, ERT effective

Question 12

Tangier’s disease

Answer 12

ABC1 mutation which prevents HDL export from the cells leading to build up in immune tissues , orange tonsils, hepatosplenomegaly, heart disease etc

Question 13

Rabies

Answer 13

Enters the cell through RME, fuses with the endosome membrane and dumps its contents into the cell

Question 14

Influenza

Answer 14

Enters the cell through RME, fuses with the early endosome to dump contents into the cell

Question 15

Familial hypercholesteremia

Answer 15

Have defective LDL receptors that interrupt LDL RME and leads to high plasma levels of LDL and early heart disease/ death

Question 16

Infantile hypoglycemia

Answer 16

Has a defective ABC transporter in the sulfonyl urea receptor

Question 17

Legionnaire’s disease

Answer 17

Once phagocytosis, it rapidly neutralizes the phagosome and prevents fusion with lysosome

Question 18

Streptococcus

Answer 18

Evolved a carbohydrate coat that is not recognized by phagocytes, allowing proliferation

Question 19

Cancer resistance

Answer 19

Over expression of ABC transporter pumps anti-proliferation agents out which allows the cancer cell to survive and proliferate

Question 20

Cystic fibrosis

Answer 20

Has a defect in the ABC transporter, the CF transmembrane regulator

Question 21

Listeria

Answer 21

Enters the cell via RME

Question 22

Leprosy

Answer 22

Phagocytosed by phagocytes, but thrive in the acidic environment of the phagosome

Question 23

Leishmaniasis

Answer 23

Phagocytosed by the phagocytes, but can thrive in the acidic environment of the phagosomes

Question 24

Tuberculosis

Answer 24

Can evade the phagocytes process of the phagocytes

Question 25

Tay-Sachs

Answer 25

Lysosomal storage disorder, hexosaminidase deficiency, common in the Jewish population

Question 26

Krabbes

Answer 26

LSD

Question 27

Sulfatide lipidases

Answer 27

LSD

Question 28

Fucosidosis

Answer 28

LCD

Question 29

Zellweger’s syndrome

Answer 29

A mutation of the SKL sequence that prevents any proteins made in cytoplasm from getting into the peroxisome which leads to death before the age of 3

Question 30

Neonatal Adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD)

Answer 30

A mutation of the SKL sequence that prevents any transport into the peroxisomes, live into teens/20s

Question 31

Mucopolysaccharidoses

Answer 31

LSD characterized by a catalytic ally inactive enzyme being made

Question 32

Pompey’ s disease

Answer 32

LSD

Question 33

Gangliosidoses

Answer 33

LSD

Question 34

Hurler’s

Answer 34

LSD

Question 35

Pseudo-Hurler’s

Answer 35

LSD

Question 36

Sulfatase Deficiency

Answer 36

LSD