Cell-Cell And Cell Matrix- Lecture 9/13/21

Question 1

Structure of collagen matrix

Answer 1

Orthogonal matrix like plywood to provide structure and support

Question 2

Basal lamina

Answer 2

Predominantly made of Collagen IV, separated the epithelium from connective tissue

Question 3

Basement membrane of glomerulus

Answer 3

Full of proteoglycans, designed to filter out everything big, lets water and small molecules in

Question 4

Basement membrane of alveoli

Answer 4

Full of proteoglycans, designed so that gases can be exchanged

Question 5

Collagens

Answer 5

The major structural protein in the body, has over 100 types

Question 6

Collagen I

Answer 6

Forms a fibril, distributed in bone, skin, tendon etc, over 90% of collagen in body

Question 7

Collagen II

Answer 7

Forms fibrils, major form in cartilage

Question 8

Collagen IV

Answer 8

Major type found in basal lamina

Question 9

Collagen XVIII

Answer 9

Found around blood vessels, can be found in neovascularization

Question 10

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Answer 10

Genetic defect in type one collagen which leads to brittle bones

Question 11

Goodpasture syndrome

Answer 11

Autoimmune disease that attacks type IV collagen, really affects the lungs and kidneys

Question 12

Alport syndrome

Answer 12

Genetic defect in Type IV collagen, second most inherited cause of kidney failure

Question 13

Endostatin

Answer 13

Inhibitor of angiogenesis, used to treat cancers by cutting off the blood supply

Question 14

Functions of proteoglycans (4)

Answer 14

• Regulation of hydration of the tissues
• Provide resistance to impact
• Act as reservoirs for GFs and cytokines
• Provide selective permeable membranes in the kidneys and lungs

Question 15

Causes of Chondrodysplasias (2)

Answer 15

Defective chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans

Defective collagen II

Question 16

Matricellular proteins

Answer 16

Secreted by cell and remains tightly bound to cell surface receptors, co-receptors to help regulate adhesion and signal transduction

Question 17

Examples of matricellular proteins (4)

Answer 17

Fibronectins, Laminins. CCN proteins and selections

Question 18

Integrins

Answer 18

Bind to all matricellular proteins to keep them attached to the cell surface

Question 19

Glanzmann’s thrombasthenia

Answer 19

Clotting disease with a platelet inregrin defect, cannot clot

Question 20

MMPs

Answer 20

Chews up the ECM to allow for angiogenesis and other reorganization

Question 21

CAMs

Answer 21

Cell adhesion molecules

Question 22

Mechanisms of leukocyte recruitment

Answer 22

Leukocytes express selectin ligand, P-selectin expression on endothelium induced by inflammation, recognize each other and start rolling, inflammation then activates integrins which allows the extravasation of leukocyte