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Biology > disease and immunity ✓ > Flashcards

disease and immunity ✓ Flashcards

1
Q

What is a bacteria ?

A

a microscopic single celled prokaryotic organisms

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2
Q

what is the structure of a bacteria ?

A
  • circular DNA chromosomes
  • cell wall
  • cell membrane
  • cytoplasm
  • plasmids
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3
Q

what don’t bacteria contain ?

A

nucleus

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4
Q

what process can some bacteria do to eat ?

A

photosynthesise

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5
Q

how do most bacteria eat ?

A

feed off other dead or living organisms

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6
Q

what is an example of a good bacteria ?

A

Lactobacillus Bulgaricus

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7
Q

what is the shape of a Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ?

A

rod shaped

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8
Q

what is the function of the Lactobacillus Bulgaricus ?

A

used in the production of yogurt from mils

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9
Q

what is another example of a bad bacteria ?

A

Pneumococcus

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10
Q

what is the shape of the Pneumococcus ?

A

spherical

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11
Q

what is the function of Pneumococcus ?

A

is the pathogen in pneumonia

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12
Q

what is a virus ?

A
  • small particles
  • parasitic
  • can only reproduce inside other living cells
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13
Q

what is the structure of a virus ?

A
  • come in a variety of shapes and sizes

- have a protein coat of either DNA or RNA

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14
Q

what is an example of a virus found in plants ?

A

Tobacco mosaic virus

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15
Q

where is the Tobacco mosaic virus found ?

A

tobacco plants

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16
Q

what is the function of the Tobacco mosaic virus ?

A
  • discolouring of leaves in tobacco plants

- prevents formation of chloroplasts

17
Q

what is an example of a virus found in humans ?

A

influenza

18
Q

what is the function of the virus influenza ?

A

causes flu and HIV that causes AIDS

19
Q

what does pathogen mean ?

A

pathogens are organisms that cause diseases

20
Q

how does the body respond to disease ?

A
  • phagocytes detect foreign bodies and engulf and digest them
  • lymphocytes come across a foreign antigen they will start to produce proteins called antibodies which mark the pathogens for destruction and attack them
  • memory cells are produces in response to the foreign antigen and remain in the body to remember the specific antigen so if the same pathogen enters the body again they can quickly destroy the pathogens

Biology (13 decks)

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