Discourse Flashcards
What is ‘Discourse’?
Refers to the study of a text as a whole, often overlaps with discussions about pragmatics
What is ‘Multimodality’?
A text that uses multiple modes
What is ‘Mode’?
A way we experience something, like images, text, or sound
What is ‘Medium’?
The form of which a text takes, whether that be spoken, written or, electronic
What are some common ideologies?
Some common ideologies Include:
- Language Prescriptivism
- Language Descriptivism
- One Language = One Nation
- Women’s language is deficient, different, etc
What is ‘Language Prescriptivism’?
The belief that one variety of a language is more valuable than another
What is ‘Language Descriptivism’?
Refers to the study of how language is used, rather than saying how it should be used
What is ‘One Language = One Nation’?
The belief that language is an integral part of national identity and one country has one true language
What is ‘Women’s language is deficient, different, etc’?
Range of beliefs about women’s language
What is ‘Ideology’?
People’s beliefs and judgements about a specific subject conveyed through features, such as evaluative adjectives and modal auxiliaries
What is ‘Spatio-Temporal’?
Of Space and time - where and when a text exists
What is ‘Psychological’?
An insight of intrusion into the thoughts of fictional characters
What is ‘Homodiegetic’?
When a narrator is part of the plot
What is ‘Hetrodiegetic’?
When a narrator only delivers the plot
What are ‘Discourse Markers’?
A common occurrence in spontaneous speech. They can fulfill a number of different functions, such as hedging, changing the subject, providing feedback for the speaker, etc.
What is ‘Foregrounding’?
When something is foregrounded in a text, it’s brought to the reader’s/listener’s attention
What are the two types of ‘Foregrounding’?
Foregrounding can be achieved through:
- Deviation
- Parallelism
What is ‘Deviation’?
When attention is drawn to something through linguistic or presentational devices, we don’t consider to be the “norm”
What is ‘Parallelism’?
When attention is drawn to something through linguistic or presentational devices, where symmetry or repetition is used
What are the different structures?
Structures Include:
- Non-Linear
- Q&A
- Cyclical
- Plot/narrative
- Chronology
What is a ‘Non-Linear’ structure?
As series of events described in an order in which they didn’t occur
What is a ‘Q&A’ structure?
A series of questions accompanied by answers
What is a ‘Cyclical’ structure?
A series of events that ends where it began, either physically or figuratively
What is a ‘Plot/narrative’ structure?
The series of events and happenings in a story
What is a ‘Chronology’ structure?
A series of events are described in the order in which they occurred
What are the two aspects of ‘Intertextuality’?
Three aspects of Intertextuality Include:
- Manifest Intertextuality
- Interdiscursivity
What is meant by ‘Manifest Intertextuality’?
Alluding to or quoting another specific, separate text
What is meant by ‘Interdiscursivity’?
Alluding to or recreating the conventions of a text from a different genre
How is ‘Deixis in Texts’ used?
The two types of references used Include:
- Endophoric
- Exophoric
What is an ‘Endophoric reference’?
Occurs when we refer to something in the same text
What is an ‘Exophoric reference’?
Occurs when we refer to something outside of the text
What is an ‘Anaphoric reference’?
Occurs when we refer to something established earlier in the text
What is a ‘Cataphoric reference’?
Occurs when we refer to something established later in the text
