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11-DIG101 (2ND SEM: READING & WRITING) > DISCOURSE > Flashcards

DISCOURSE Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four (4) types of discourse?

A
  • Narration
  • Description
  • Exposition
  • Argumentation
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2
Q

It is a type of discourse that describe an event, which occurs in chronological order.

A
  • narration
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3
Q

the differences of narration from _____ are: (1) it uses the pronouns like “_” and “__”, (2) it includes an _____ and (3) it uses chronological order in telling a _____

A
  • I, Me, description, action, story
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4
Q

What are the common elements of a good narrative? (3)

A
  • Setting
  • Character
  • Actions

(but in the powerpoint, those are Setting, Character, Actions, Chronological, Theme)

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5
Q

this is the time and the place where the story occurred

A
  • setting
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6
Q

these are the people involved in the story

A
  • character
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7
Q

these are the incidents in the story, the causes responsible for the occurrences and the manner that the outcome is brought about

A
  • actions
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8
Q

two (2) types of NARRATIVE texts:

A
  • simple (narrative of events which really happen)
  • plotted (fictional, results of the author’s invention or ingenuity)
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9
Q

it is a type of discourse that uses the fiction-writing mode for transmitting a mental image of a story.

A
  • description
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10
Q

Description can go hand in hand with _____ and makes the events in the story more ____

A
  • narration, vivid
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11
Q

What are the common patterns in describing a topic? (4)

A
  • spatial (describes how the subject occupies space)
  • vertical (best with subjects that are taller than they are wide. You may start at the top to bottom or vice versa. descriptions of people are often vertically organized)
  • horizontal (moves from left to right or right to left, taking the details in a horizontal sequence. Depending on the writer, the descriptions can be from front to back or vice versa.)
  • circular (used whenever a horizontal pattern involves something that is not in a straight line. The interior of a room can be used as an example.)
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12
Q

describes how the subject occupies space

A
  • Spatial
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13
Q

best with subjects that are taller than they are wide. You may start at the top and work your way down, or start at the bottom and work your way up. Descriptions of peoples are often vertically organized.

A
  • Vertical
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14
Q

moves from left to right, or from right to left, taking the details in a horizontal
sequence. Depending on the perspective of the writer, the description could also move from the front to back or vice versa. Usually, the direction of movement is a matter of choice. Descriptions of places are often organized horizontally.

A
  • Horizontal
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15
Q

used whenever a horizontal pattern involves something that is not in a straight line. The interior of a room, for example, could use a circular pattern, beginning at the door and working around the room until returning to the starting point.

A
  • Circular
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16
Q

what are the two (2) kinds of DESCRIPTIVE texts?

A
  • informative (appeals to the intellect by using the senses to give details like color, size & shape or by scientific and technical language)
  • artistic (appeals to the sense of beauty and pleasure by stimulating the imagination and emotion of the reader to have a vivid image)
17
Q

_____ appeals to the ______ by using the senses to give details of an appearance
(color, size, and shape) or by using scientific and technical language

A
  • informative, intellect
18
Q

______ appeals to the _____ __ _____ and pleasure by stimulating the imagination
and emotion of the reader to have a vivid image of the object as perceived by the writer

A
  • artistic, sense of beauty
19
Q

This type of discourse has two types and those are Persuasive and Procedural.

A
  • Exposition
20
Q

Common contents of a PERSUASIVE expository text (8):

A
  1. Topic Sentence – Be sure to introduce all the ideas in the paragraph in an interesting way. Grab your reader’s attention! Elaborate the topic.
  2. First Point – first of all, first, one reason, to begin with
  3. Supports – Use specific details to support each point. You may use examples, relevant articles, statistics, related studies, published or printed journals. Cite your references.
  4. Second Point – in addition, furthermore, another reason, second, after that
  5. Supports
  6. Third Point – finally, last, third
  7. Supports
  8. Concluding Sentence – Make sure to sum up the paragraph. Use a transition to
    indicate your concluding sentence:
    In conclusion, As you can see, For these reasons, All in all
21
Q

what are the five (5) types of PROCEDURAL expository texts?

A
  • Exposition of a Process – the most frequently used organizational patterns
  • Exposition of an Abstract Term –defines and gives examples of a term or concept.
  • Character Sketch – the process of writing individual traits to set forth our idea of the person. It is also giving details of the characteristics of some personified animal or thing.
  • Essay – an exposition of an author’s thoughts or reflections on a specific topic.
  • Comment and Criticism – It is usually published in newspapers and magazines and is written to review books, play, music, painting, sculpture, etc. Criticism may be
    constructive; it may point the way to meritorious accomplishment, giving advice and encouragement upon the given piece of work under review. It may be destructive; it may deliberately so adverse as to discourage further effort on the part of the writer or artist along the line of work on which the criticism is based
22
Q

It is usually published in newspapers and magazines and is written to make reviews.

A
  • Comment and Criticism
23
Q

exposition of an author’s thoughts or reflections on a specific topic

A
  • Essay
24
Q

process of writing individual traits to set forth idea of the person

A
  • Character sketch
25
Q

defines and gives examples of a term or concept

A
  • Exposition of an Abstract Term
26
Q

most frequently used organizational patterns

A
  • Exposition of a Process
27
Q

it is a type of discourse and a composition that aims to convince others of the truth or falsity of a disputed matter

A
  • Argumentation
28
Q

the three (3) goals of argumentation are to ____, ____, and _____ arguments.

A
  • identify, analyze and evaluate
29
Q

the term “___” refers to the giving of ____ to support or criticize a claim that is ____, or open to doubt.

A
  • argument, reasons, questionable
30
Q

what are the common contents of an argumentative text? (5)

A
  1. Introduction – Make your introductory paragraph interesting. How can you draw your readers in? What background information, if any, do we need to know in order to understand your claim?
  2. Background Paragraph – Lay the foundation for your argument by giving a summary of works being discussed and defining key terms.
  3. Supporting Evidence Paragraphs 1 to 3 – Use specific details to support each point. You may use an example of offer an explanation. Personal examples and examples from the text are always interesting if they are related to the topic.
  4. Counterargument Paragraph –To anticipate your reader’s objections; make yourself more objective and reasonable. What possible argument might your reader pose against your argument? Insert those arguments here and refute them.
  5. Concluding Sentence – Make sure to sum up the paragraph. Use a transition to
    indicate your concluding sentence: In conclusion, As you can see, For these reasons, All in all
31
Q

____ - make your introductory paragraph _____.

A
  • introduction, interesting
32
Q

___ - lay the foundation for your argument by giving a _____ of works being discussed

A
  • Background Paragraph, summary
33
Q

______ - use specific _____ to support each ___

A
  • Supporting Evidence Paragraphs 1 to 3, details, points
34
Q

______ - to anticipate your reader’s objections: make yourself more ____ and reasonable.

A
  • Counterargument Paragraph, objective
35
Q

____ - make sure to ____ __ the paragraph

A
  • Concluding Sentence, sum up

11-DIG101 (2ND SEM: READING & WRITING) (16 decks)

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