DISCOURSE Flashcards
what are the four (4) types of discourse?
- Narration
- Description
- Exposition
- Argumentation
It is a type of discourse that describe an event, which occurs in chronological order.
- narration
the differences of narration from _____ are: (1) it uses the pronouns like “_” and “__”, (2) it includes an _____ and (3) it uses chronological order in telling a _____
- I, Me, description, action, story
What are the common elements of a good narrative? (3)
- Setting
- Character
- Actions
(but in the powerpoint, those are Setting, Character, Actions, Chronological, Theme)
this is the time and the place where the story occurred
- setting
these are the people involved in the story
- character
these are the incidents in the story, the causes responsible for the occurrences and the manner that the outcome is brought about
- actions
two (2) types of NARRATIVE texts:
- simple (narrative of events which really happen)
- plotted (fictional, results of the author’s invention or ingenuity)
it is a type of discourse that uses the fiction-writing mode for transmitting a mental image of a story.
- description
Description can go hand in hand with _____ and makes the events in the story more ____
- narration, vivid
What are the common patterns in describing a topic? (4)
- spatial (describes how the subject occupies space)
- vertical (best with subjects that are taller than they are wide. You may start at the top to bottom or vice versa. descriptions of people are often vertically organized)
- horizontal (moves from left to right or right to left, taking the details in a horizontal sequence. Depending on the writer, the descriptions can be from front to back or vice versa.)
- circular (used whenever a horizontal pattern involves something that is not in a straight line. The interior of a room can be used as an example.)
describes how the subject occupies space
- Spatial
best with subjects that are taller than they are wide. You may start at the top and work your way down, or start at the bottom and work your way up. Descriptions of peoples are often vertically organized.
- Vertical
moves from left to right, or from right to left, taking the details in a horizontal
sequence. Depending on the perspective of the writer, the description could also move from the front to back or vice versa. Usually, the direction of movement is a matter of choice. Descriptions of places are often organized horizontally.
- Horizontal
used whenever a horizontal pattern involves something that is not in a straight line. The interior of a room, for example, could use a circular pattern, beginning at the door and working around the room until returning to the starting point.
- Circular
what are the two (2) kinds of DESCRIPTIVE texts?
- informative (appeals to the intellect by using the senses to give details like color, size & shape or by scientific and technical language)
- artistic (appeals to the sense of beauty and pleasure by stimulating the imagination and emotion of the reader to have a vivid image)
_____ appeals to the ______ by using the senses to give details of an appearance
(color, size, and shape) or by using scientific and technical language
- informative, intellect
______ appeals to the _____ __ _____ and pleasure by stimulating the imagination
and emotion of the reader to have a vivid image of the object as perceived by the writer
- artistic, sense of beauty
This type of discourse has two types and those are Persuasive and Procedural.
- Exposition
Common contents of a PERSUASIVE expository text (8):
- Topic Sentence – Be sure to introduce all the ideas in the paragraph in an interesting way. Grab your reader’s attention! Elaborate the topic.
- First Point – first of all, first, one reason, to begin with
- Supports – Use specific details to support each point. You may use examples, relevant articles, statistics, related studies, published or printed journals. Cite your references.
- Second Point – in addition, furthermore, another reason, second, after that
- Supports
- Third Point – finally, last, third
- Supports
- Concluding Sentence – Make sure to sum up the paragraph. Use a transition to
indicate your concluding sentence:
In conclusion, As you can see, For these reasons, All in all
what are the five (5) types of PROCEDURAL expository texts?
- Exposition of a Process – the most frequently used organizational patterns
- Exposition of an Abstract Term –defines and gives examples of a term or concept.
- Character Sketch – the process of writing individual traits to set forth our idea of the person. It is also giving details of the characteristics of some personified animal or thing.
- Essay – an exposition of an author’s thoughts or reflections on a specific topic.
- Comment and Criticism – It is usually published in newspapers and magazines and is written to review books, play, music, painting, sculpture, etc. Criticism may be
constructive; it may point the way to meritorious accomplishment, giving advice and encouragement upon the given piece of work under review. It may be destructive; it may deliberately so adverse as to discourage further effort on the part of the writer or artist along the line of work on which the criticism is based
It is usually published in newspapers and magazines and is written to make reviews.
- Comment and Criticism
exposition of an author’s thoughts or reflections on a specific topic
- Essay
process of writing individual traits to set forth idea of the person
- Character sketch
