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Praxis 5543 > Disability Categories > Flashcards

Disability Categories Flashcards

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1
Q

require medical diagnosis in order to receive services

A

OHI, TBI, MD, hearing impairment, visual impairment, deaf-blindness

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2
Q

do not require medical diagnosis for services

A

speech or language impairment, SLD, developmental delay, ID

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3
Q

Most common disability

A

SLD

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4
Q

SLD

A

disorder of at least on psychological process affecting spoken and written language

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5
Q

phonological awareness

A

understanding of how sounds combine to create unique words

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6
Q

Dyslexia

A

learning disability in basic reading skills

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7
Q

Dyscalcula

A

SLD in mathematical reasoning or claculation

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8
Q

Dysgraphia

A

ability to use written expression is impaired

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9
Q

Concrete-semiconcrete-abstract

A

use of manipulatives, representation, abstract level

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10
Q

cover- copy - compare

A

studies the word, covers the word, writes the word from memory, and then compares spelling to original

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11
Q

presentation accommodation

A

braille, auditory, large print

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12
Q

response accomocation

A

oral presentation, scribes

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13
Q

setting accommodation

A

learning in a quiet setting

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14
Q

timing and scheduling accommodation

A

allow frequent breaks

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15
Q

speech or language impairment

A

communication disorder characterized by impairments in voice, speech fluency, articulation or language

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16
Q

voice disorders

A

vocal quality such as pitch, loudness, or tone significantly differs from age or social expectations

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17
Q

dysphonia

A

voice disorder

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18
Q

repetition

A

single sound within a word is repeated

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19
Q

prolongation

A

occurs when a sound within a word is held out for longer than typical

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20
Q

interjections

A

word fillers

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21
Q

blocks

A

inability to initiate a sound or an inaudible utterance during a pause in speech

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22
Q

revisions

A

speaker pauses to revise their speech

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23
Q

cluttering

A

characterized by speech that is rapid or has an irregular rate

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24
Q

articulation impairments

A

difficulty with motor production and/or phonological representation of speech sounds

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25
Q

apraxia of speech

A

individuals brain has difficulty processing the motor plan to initiate and carry out speech movements

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26
Q

dysarthria

A

muscle weakness impairs ability to speak, resulting in slow or slurred speech

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27
Q

language impairments

A

difficulty comprehending and/or using spoken language

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28
Q

phonology

A

the pattern of sound in languages

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29
Q

morphology

A

word structure

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30
Q

syntax

A

structure of sentences

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31
Q

mean length of utterances

A

average number of morphemes per utterance

32
Q

semantics

A

understanding of the meaning of words and combinations of words in language

33
Q

pragmatics

A

use of figurative language in natural settings

34
Q

speech and stuttering modification strategies

A

rate control, prolonged syllables, light articulatory contact, using appropriate pausing, reducing physical tension

35
Q

OHI

A

chronic and acute health conditions

36
Q

ADHD

A

largest percentage of learners under OHI, inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity

37
Q

Tourette syndrome

A

neurological disorder often characterized by tics

38
Q

tics

A

repetitive, stereotyped involuntary movements or vocalizations

39
Q

OHI qualifications

A

acute or chronic health conditions which impacts strength, vitality, and alertness, resulting in limited engagement during instruction and adversely impacts education performance

40
Q

flexible seating

A

standing or adapted seating

41
Q

graphic organizers

A

visual map or diagram used to organize information

42
Q

autism

A

developmental disability that significantly affects communication and social interaction

43
Q

echolalia

A

repetition of words and phrases

44
Q

ASD triad of impairment

A

social relationships, social communication, restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior

45
Q

Modeling

A

demonstration of target behavior by instructor to encourage imitation of the behavior by the learner

46
Q

prompting

A

verbal, gestural or physical assistance which ensures a student correctly performs target behavior

47
Q

ABA

A

research based system of educational and behavioral interventions used with ASD

48
Q

FBA

A

use a variety of data to ascertain the function or purpose, behind a behavior

49
Q

antecedent based interventions

A

address circumstances that precede a behavior

50
Q

differential reinforcement of alternative behavior

A

reinforces a specific or acceptable behavior other than the problem behavior

51
Q

self monitoring

A

puts students with autism in control of monitoring their own behavior and reinforcing according to pre set expectation

52
Q

on task behavior interventions

A

students given a cue which signals them to record if they were on task when the cue occured

53
Q

social skills training

A

direct instruction in expected social behaviors

54
Q

scripting

A

verbal or written script to follow in order to perform a certain skill

55
Q

alternative or augmentative communicationn

A

use of any additional communication method to improve someones ability to communicate

56
Q

picture exchange system

A

hand pictures to a partner as a way to communicate

57
Q

discrete trial training

A

ABA based, antecedent stimulus, student response and consequence

58
Q

errorless learning

A

student prompted to give correct response until they can do it consistently

59
Q

natural environment training

A

instructional system that uses many of same ABA principles as DTT but instruction occurs using items readily available in the students natural environment

60
Q

extinction

A

removal of all reinforcement from an undesired behavior

61
Q

structured teaching

A

educational structure featuring clearly defined learning areas and visually supported learning tasks

62
Q

developmental delay

A

failure to meet developmental milestones

63
Q

Intellectual disability

A

general intellectual functioning significantly below average with co-occuring deficits in adaptive behavior

64
Q

adaptive behavior

A

communication, self care, and social skills

65
Q

conceptual skills

A

the ability to think about and understand concepts through creativity, analysis, memory and attention

66
Q

Down syndrome

A

most common genetic cause of ID

67
Q

Fragile X syndrome

A

most common genetically inherited cause of ID in males

68
Q

task analysis

A

breaking a skill into smaller, more manageable commponents

69
Q

modifications

A

change WHAT is taught

70
Q

accommodations

A

change HOW things are taught

71
Q

Anxiety Disorders

A

GAD, OCD, Panic Disorder, PTSD

72
Q

Mood Disorders

A

Bipolar, major depression

73
Q

Psychotic Disorders

A

schizophrenia

74
Q

Disruptive Behavior Disorders

A

ODD, conduct disorder

75
Q

Token Economy

A

students acquire tokens for appropriate behavior which may be later exchanged for other reinforces

76
Q

Multiple Disability exclusion diagnosis

A

does not include deaf blindness

77
Q

IDEA 13

A

Speech or Language Impairment, SLD, ASD, Developmental Delay, ID, ED, MD, Deafness and Hearing Impairment, Orthopedic Impairment, Blindness and Visual Impairment, Deaf-Blidness, TBI

Praxis 5543 (7 decks)

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