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Praxis 5543 > Disability Categories > Flashcards

Disability Categories Flashcards

1
Q

require medical diagnosis in order to receive services

A

OHI, TBI, MD, hearing impairment, visual impairment, deaf-blindness

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2
Q

do not require medical diagnosis for services

A

speech or language impairment, SLD, developmental delay, ID

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3
Q

Most common disability

A

SLD

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4
Q

SLD

A

disorder of at least on psychological process affecting spoken and written language

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5
Q

phonological awareness

A

understanding of how sounds combine to create unique words

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6
Q

Dyslexia

A

learning disability in basic reading skills

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7
Q

Dyscalcula

A

SLD in mathematical reasoning or claculation

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8
Q

Dysgraphia

A

ability to use written expression is impaired

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9
Q

Concrete-semiconcrete-abstract

A

use of manipulatives, representation, abstract level

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10
Q

cover- copy - compare

A

studies the word, covers the word, writes the word from memory, and then compares spelling to original

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11
Q

presentation accommodation

A

braille, auditory, large print

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12
Q

response accomocation

A

oral presentation, scribes

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13
Q

setting accommodation

A

learning in a quiet setting

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14
Q

timing and scheduling accommodation

A

allow frequent breaks

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15
Q

speech or language impairment

A

communication disorder characterized by impairments in voice, speech fluency, articulation or language

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16
Q

voice disorders

A

vocal quality such as pitch, loudness, or tone significantly differs from age or social expectations

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17
Q

dysphonia

A

voice disorder

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18
Q

repetition

A

single sound within a word is repeated

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19
Q

prolongation

A

occurs when a sound within a word is held out for longer than typical

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20
Q

interjections

A

word fillers

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21
Q

blocks

A

inability to initiate a sound or an inaudible utterance during a pause in speech

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22
Q

revisions

A

speaker pauses to revise their speech

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23
Q

cluttering

A

characterized by speech that is rapid or has an irregular rate

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24
Q

articulation impairments

A

difficulty with motor production and/or phonological representation of speech sounds

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25
apraxia of speech
individuals brain has difficulty processing the motor plan to initiate and carry out speech movements
26
dysarthria
muscle weakness impairs ability to speak, resulting in slow or slurred speech
27
language impairments
difficulty comprehending and/or using spoken language
28
phonology
the pattern of sound in languages
29
morphology
word structure
30
syntax
structure of sentences
31
mean length of utterances
average number of morphemes per utterance
32
semantics
understanding of the meaning of words and combinations of words in language
33
pragmatics
use of figurative language in natural settings
34
speech and stuttering modification strategies
rate control, prolonged syllables, light articulatory contact, using appropriate pausing, reducing physical tension
35
OHI
chronic and acute health conditions
36
ADHD
largest percentage of learners under OHI, inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity
37
Tourette syndrome
neurological disorder often characterized by tics
38
tics
repetitive, stereotyped involuntary movements or vocalizations
39
OHI qualifications
acute or chronic health conditions which impacts strength, vitality, and alertness, resulting in limited engagement during instruction and adversely impacts education performance
40
flexible seating
standing or adapted seating
41
graphic organizers
visual map or diagram used to organize information
42
autism
developmental disability that significantly affects communication and social interaction
43
echolalia
repetition of words and phrases
44
ASD triad of impairment
social relationships, social communication, restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior
45
Modeling
demonstration of target behavior by instructor to encourage imitation of the behavior by the learner
46
prompting
verbal, gestural or physical assistance which ensures a student correctly performs target behavior
47
ABA
research based system of educational and behavioral interventions used with ASD
48
FBA
use a variety of data to ascertain the function or purpose, behind a behavior
49
antecedent based interventions
address circumstances that precede a behavior
50
differential reinforcement of alternative behavior
reinforces a specific or acceptable behavior other than the problem behavior
51
self monitoring
puts students with autism in control of monitoring their own behavior and reinforcing according to pre set expectation
52
on task behavior interventions
students given a cue which signals them to record if they were on task when the cue occured
53
social skills training
direct instruction in expected social behaviors
54
scripting
verbal or written script to follow in order to perform a certain skill
55
alternative or augmentative communicationn
use of any additional communication method to improve someones ability to communicate
56
picture exchange system
hand pictures to a partner as a way to communicate
57
discrete trial training
ABA based, antecedent stimulus, student response and consequence
58
errorless learning
student prompted to give correct response until they can do it consistently
59
natural environment training
instructional system that uses many of same ABA principles as DTT but instruction occurs using items readily available in the students natural environment
60
extinction
removal of all reinforcement from an undesired behavior
61
structured teaching
educational structure featuring clearly defined learning areas and visually supported learning tasks
62
developmental delay
failure to meet developmental milestones
63
Intellectual disability
general intellectual functioning significantly below average with co-occuring deficits in adaptive behavior
64
adaptive behavior
communication, self care, and social skills
65
conceptual skills
the ability to think about and understand concepts through creativity, analysis, memory and attention
66
Down syndrome
most common genetic cause of ID
67
Fragile X syndrome
most common genetically inherited cause of ID in males
68
task analysis
breaking a skill into smaller, more manageable commponents
69
modifications
change WHAT is taught
70
accommodations
change HOW things are taught
71
Anxiety Disorders
GAD, OCD, Panic Disorder, PTSD
72
Mood Disorders
Bipolar, major depression
73
Psychotic Disorders
schizophrenia
74
Disruptive Behavior Disorders
ODD, conduct disorder
75
Token Economy
students acquire tokens for appropriate behavior which may be later exchanged for other reinforces
76
Multiple Disability exclusion diagnosis
does not include deaf blindness
77
IDEA 13
Speech or Language Impairment, SLD, ASD, Developmental Delay, ID, ED, MD, Deafness and Hearing Impairment, Orthopedic Impairment, Blindness and Visual Impairment, Deaf-Blidness, TBI

Praxis 5543 (7 decks)

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