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Medical Sales College > Directional Terms > Flashcards

Directional Terms Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Anatomical Position

A

A standing posture with the arms at the side and the palms of the hands facing forward

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2
Q

Frontal (Coronal) Plane

A

The plane that separates the body into a front and back

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3
Q

Transverse (Horizontal) Plane

A

The plane that divides the body into top and bottom halves

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4
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

A plane that divides the body into equal right and left halves

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5
Q

Anterior

A

Pertaining to the front of the body

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6
Q

Posterior

A

Back of the body

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7
Q

Medial

A

toward the midline of the body

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8
Q

Proximal

A

Toward the attachment of the limb to the trunk or given site

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9
Q

Distal

A

Away from the attachment of a limb or given site of reference

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10
Q

Superficial

A

Close to the body’s surface

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11
Q

Deep

A

away from the body’s surface

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12
Q

Superior

A

One point, or structure, being lower than another

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13
Q

Inferior

A

One point, or structure, being lower than another

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14
Q

Ipsilateral

A

Situated on the same side

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15
Q

Contralleral

A

Opposite side

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16
Q

Unilateral

A

Pertaining to one side

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17
Q

Dorsal

A

Top surface of the foot

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18
Q

Plantar

A

Bottom surface of the foot

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19
Q

Volar

A

Palmar aspect of the wrist and hand (back of the hand)

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20
Q

Palmar

A

Palm

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21
Q

Extenstion

A

A straightening movement around a joint to restore it to anatomical position

22
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the midline of the body

23
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the midline of the body

24
Q

Internal (Medial) Rotation

A

The spinning or turning of a segment toward the midline

25
Q

External (Lateral) Rotation

A

The spinning or turning of a segment away from the midline

26
Q

Supination

A

A movement that turns the palm of the hand upward

27
Q

Varus

A

a laterally directed force or angulation (position) of the joint

28
Q

Valgus

A

A medially directed force or angulation (position) of the joint

29
Q

Active

A

Something done under own power

30
Q

Active Assitive

A

The range of motion through which the athlete can move the limb with the help of the athletic trainer

31
Q

Passive

A

Something done under the power of someone else

32
Q

Hyperextension

A

Extreme stretching out of a body part (going past normal limit)

33
Q

Circumduction

A

The movement of a limb in a circular pattern (the thumb does this)

34
Q

Eversion

A

A movement that turns the sole of the foot outward, away from the midline of the body

35
Q

Inversion

A

A movement that turns the sole of the foot inward, toward the midline of the body

36
Q

Prone

A

Lying on stomach

37
Q

Supine

A

Lying on back

38
Q

Sidelying

A

Lying on side

39
Q

Quadriped

A

On hands and knees

40
Q

Hook-Lying

A

Lying on side with knees up

41
Q

Etiology

A

Pertaining to the cause of the condition

42
Q

Sign

A

Objective evidence that an athletic trainer can measure or sense

43
Q

Symptom

A

What the athlete feels

44
Q

Assessment

A

A procedure through which an ATC determines the severity, irritability, nature, and stage of the injury

45
Q

Sprain

A

injury to a ligament

46
Q

Strain

A

An injury that occurs to a muscle or tendon

47
Q

Asymmetry

A

A lack of symmetry of sides of the body

48
Q

Biomechanical

A

The study of movement of the human body

49
Q

Proprioception

A

Awareness of position or movement of the body or a body segment

50
Q

Kinesiology

A

The study of human movement (physics of the body)

51
Q

Palpation

A

Examination of an area by touch to determine any differences in general presentation

Medical Sales College (8 decks)

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