DIGITAL EXTENSORS AND FLEXORS OF HL

Question 1

DIGITAL EXTENSORS

Answer 1

1. m. extensor digitorum longus
2. m. extensor digitorum lateralis
3. m. extensor digiti I. [hallucis] longus

INNERVATED BY:
N. PERONEUS LONGUS
- r. Profundus
- r. Superficialis

Question 2

1. m. extensor digitorum longus

Answer 2

O: fossa extensoria on lateral femoral condyle

I: extensor processes of distal phalanx of digits II-V.

A: extends joints of digits and flexes tarsus

Question 3

2. m. extensor digitorum lateralis

Answer 3

O: proximal third of fibula

I: unites with long digital extensor’s tendon to reach digit V. distal phalanx

A: extension and abduction of digit V.

Question 4

3. m. extensor digiti I. [hallucis] longus

Answer 4

O: from middle third of fibula

I: radiates into fascia over
metacarpophalangeal joint of digit II.

A: extends digit II. (and digit I. if it’s present)

Question 5

DIGITAL FLEXORS

Answer 5

1. m. flexor digitorum superficialis
2. m. flexor digitorum profundus
   (m. flexor digitorum medialis et lateralis)

+ Tendo calcaneus communis:

• tendo m. gastrocnemii
• tendo plantaris (m. flex. dig. superf.)
• tendo accessorius (m. biceps femoris,

INNERVATED BY:
N. TIBIALIS
- N. Cutaneous Sureae caudalis

Question 6

1. m. flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 6

O:
fossa supracondylaris of femur, partly fused with m. gastrocnemius caput lateralis

I: its plantar tendon (tendo plantaris) turns from medial to lateral direction around
common calcaneal tendon, on the surface of tuber calcanei it makes a cap
(galea calcanea),
then finally attaches to middle phalanx of digits II-V. on plantar surface

A: flexes stifle, extends hock, flexes joints of digits II-V

Question 7

2. m. flexor digitorum profundus

m. flexor digitorum medialis et lateralis

Answer 7

O: m. flexor digitorum lateralis 
(former: m. flexor hallucis longus)
- from proximal caudal half of fibula, 
- proximal caudolateral border of tibia
and from 
- interosseous membrane; 
m. flexor digitorum medialis
(former: m. flexor digitorum longus) starts caudo-proximally from tibia.

• Below tarsus the two parts unite.

I: plantar surface of distal phalanx of digits II-V. (on tuberculum flexorium)

A: extends tarsus, flexes joint if digits II-V.

Question 8

+ Tendo calcaneus communis:

Answer 8

It comprise three main tendons:
1- tendo m. gastrocnemii [Achilli]
(ex: m. gastrocnemius)

2- tendo plantaris 
(ex: m. extensor dig. superficialis)
3- tendo accessorius, 
from the following parts:
- lateral: m. biceps femoris
- medial: m. gracilis and m. semitendinosus

o
Between SKIN and TENDO PLANTARIS there is a protecting:
- BURSA SUBCUTANEA CALCANEA,

between TENDO PLANTARIS and
TENDO M. GASTROCNEMII:
- BURSA SUBTENDINEA CALCANEA, and

betweenTENDO ACCESSORIUS and TENDO M. GASTROCNEMI
- BURSA TENDINIS CALCANEA

o As TENDO PLANTARIS widens, it forms
GALEA CALCANEA

A: strongest extensor of tarsus