digestive tract Flashcards
drugs and hormones
gastrin
released from G cells, regulated by stretch and CNS input
activates ECL cells to make histamine
suppresses input form parasympathetic system
proglumide
gastrin receptor blocker
misoprostol
activates the inhibitory receptor on the ECL cell.
prostaglandin analogue
increased mucus and bicarbonate secretion
vasodilation
H2 receptor blockers
histamine activates the pariental cell, Gs > cAMP, to secrete acid, by blocking the receptor the acid will not be secreted
cimentidine
famotidine
rantidine
nizatidine
proton pump inhibitors
omeprazole
lansoprazole
pantoprazole
esomeprazole
rabeprazole
inhibits acid secretion, by excluding the H+ needed
atropine
blocks Ach receptor
anticholinergic
pepsinogen
enzyme that breaks down protein into peptides and amino acids
mucosal protective agents
sucralfate; inhibits pepsin secretion; protein complex formation on ulcer
CBS; coating of ulcer; inhibition of pepsin, antibacterial
antacids
neutralization of acid
inhibition of pepsin
sodium carbonate, resorbing
aluminiumhydroxide, magnesiumhydroxide, magnesiumsilicate, non-resorbing
eradication H. pylori
antibiotics;
metrodazole
amoxycillin
claritromycin
tetracyclin
prokinetic drugs
metoclopramide
domperidone
metoclopramine stimulates 5-HT4 receptor > Ach release > constriction
inhibition of inhibitory dopamine receptor > more Ach > constriction
motility inhibitors
opioids; codein, loperamide, difenoxylate
anticholinergics; atropine, hyoscine, dicycloverine
ivacaftor
puts the CFTR protein in the right conformation again
mutation specific
in cystic fibrosis
aminosalicylates
sulfasalazine
mesalazine
inflammatory bowel disease
decrease in prostaglandins and leukotrines
decrease in O2 generation
decrease in neutrophil chemotaxis
glucocorticosteroids
prednisone
budesonide
inflammatory bowel disease
coeliac disease
