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organ histology final > digestive system- stomach > Flashcards

digestive system- stomach Flashcards

1
Q

what is the surface epithelium of the stomach?

A

simple columnar

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2
Q

what are the 2 cell types in the mucosa of the stomach?

A

surface mucosa

regenerative cells

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3
Q

what are the 2 fx of the surface mucous of the stomach?

A

produce thick mucus

secrete bicarbonate ions

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4
Q

what is the lamina propria of the stomach made of?

A

loose vascular CT present in small amounts btw glands

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5
Q

where is the arteriovenous anastomosis located?

A

submucosa of the stomach

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6
Q

is the submucosa of stomach vascular or avascular?

A

highly vascular

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7
Q

what is the fx of the submucosa of the stomach?

A

shut down activity and secretion fast

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8
Q

where is the submucosal (meissner’s) plexus located?

A

next to inner circular layer

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9
Q

what is the fx of the submucosal (meissners) plexus of the stomach?

A

influence mucosa

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10
Q

what are the 3 layers of the muscularis externa of the stomach?

A

innermost oblique- sometimes
middle circular- well developed
outer longitudinal- thin

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11
Q

where is the myenteric (auerbach) plexus of the stomach located?

A

btw circular and longitudinal layers of ms

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12
Q

what is the fx of the myenteric (auerbach) plexus of stomach?

A

stimulate muscularis externa

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13
Q

is the stomach covered by serosa or adventitia?

A

all serosa (ME) no adventitia

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14
Q

what are the 3 regions of the stomach?

A

cardiac
gastric (fundus and body)
pyloric

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15
Q

what are the cell types of the cardiac region of the stomach?

A

primarily surface mucous
some neck mucous
few DNES and parietal cells

NO chief cells!

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16
Q

which is the smallest region of the stomach containing much mucus?

A

cardiac

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17
Q

what is the only region of the stomach without chief cells?

A

cardiac

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18
Q

name the surface epithelium of the stomach?

A

simple columnar

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19
Q

what type of muscle is found in the ME middle 1/3 of the esophagus?

A

mix of skeletal and smooth muscle

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20
Q

esophageal proper glands are found in which esophagus layer?

A

submucosa

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21
Q

where do the gastric glands extend?

A

from gastric pit to muscularis mucosa

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22
Q

what are the 3 regions in a gastric (zymogenic) gland?

A

isthmus
neck
base

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23
Q

what protects mucosa from auto digestion and the rougher components of chyme?

A

isthmus surface mucosa

24
Q

what produces thick, visible mucus that traps bicarbonate ions?

A

surface mucus of isthmus

25
Q

what is another name for DNES cells?

A

enteroendocrine cells

26
Q

what are the 3 types of DNES cells in stomach?

A

type D
type EC
type G

27
Q

which type of DNES cells in the stomach produce somatostatin, inhibit release of hormones by nearby DNES cells and HCL release?

A

type D

28
Q

which type of DNES cell produces serotonin and substance P and increase gut motility?

A

type EC

29
Q

which type of DNES cell produces gastrin, stim HCL and pepsinogen, gastric motility and regenerative cells in body of stomach?

A

type G

30
Q

what things stimulate type G?

A

coffee, gastrin, alcohol, AA

31
Q

how long do the neck mucous cells of the gastric region live?

A

6 days

32
Q

what type of mucous do neck mucous cells produce?

A

soluble less alkaline mucous

33
Q

what is the fx of the neck mucous cells?

A

lubricate gastric contents

34
Q

which neck cells are odd columnar cells with intracellular canaliculi?

A

parietal cells

35
Q

how long do parietal cells of neck live?

A

150-200 days

36
Q

what produces HCL?

A

parietal cells

37
Q

what is necessary for B12 absorption?

A

gastric intrinsic factor

38
Q

what produces gastric intrinsic factor?

A

parietal neck cells

39
Q

what does chronic gastritis sometimes lead to?

A

pernicious anemia

40
Q

low # of ____ can lead to low amounts of intrinsic factor

A

parietal cells

41
Q

how many DNES cells does the neck of the stomach have?

A

few

42
Q

what are the 3 types of base cells?

A

chief (zygomatic) cells
Parietal cells
DNES cells

43
Q

what do chief cells of the base of the stomach produce?

A

primarily pepsinogen and some gastric lipase

44
Q

how long do chief cells live?

A

60-90 days

45
Q

what region is deeper pits with very twisted and branched pyloric glands?

A

pyloric

46
Q

what cell types are in the pyloric region

A

primarily surface mucus, DNES and parietal

some neck mucous

47
Q

what stomach cell produces IF?

A

parietal

48
Q

what stomach cell produces thick mucus?

A

surface mucus

49
Q

what stomach cell produces pepsinogen?

A

chief cells

50
Q

what cell produces HCL?

A

parietal

51
Q

what produces a more soluble, slightly acidic mucus?

A

neck mucous

52
Q

what produces gastrin?

A

DNES

53
Q

what cells produce gastric lipase?

A

chief

54
Q

which layer within the ME is not always present?

A

oblique

55
Q

name surface epithelium of stomach

A

simple columnar

56
Q

what are the cell types of the neck of the stomach?

A

mucous cells
regenerative cells
parietal cells
DNES cells

57
Q

what are the cell types of the pyloric region?

A

primarily surface mucus
DNES
parietal

some neck mucous that also produce some lysozyme

organ histology final (9 decks)

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