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organ histology final > digestive system pt 2 > Flashcards

digestive system pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

which is the largest salivary gland?

A

parotid gland

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2
Q

which is the largest salivary gland but produces 30% of total salivary output?

A

parotid gland

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3
Q

which nerve passes through the parotid gland?

A

facial nerve

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4
Q

which gland is most affected by mumps?

A

parotid gland

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5
Q

which gland is 100% serous producing?

A

parotid gland

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6
Q

what is the fx of the parotid gland?

A

breakdown carbs

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7
Q

what 3 products are produced by the parotid gland?

A

salivary amylase (a- amylase)
lysosome
secretory IgA

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8
Q

which gland is smaller and produces 60% of total salivary output?

A

submandibular gland

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9
Q

which gland is a mixed gland producing mucus and serous products?

A

submandibular gland

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10
Q

what percent serous producing is the submandibular gland?

A

80-90%

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11
Q

which is the smallest salivary gland producing only 5% salivary output?

A

sublingual gland

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12
Q

all serous products of the sublingual gland come from serous ______?

A

demilunes- no separate serous acini

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13
Q

which salivary gland produces a mixed product but is primarily serous producing?

A

submandibular

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14
Q

which salivary gland produces a mixed product but is primarily mucus producing?

A

sublingual

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15
Q

what impulse stimulates saliva secretions?

A

autonomic efferent impulses

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16
Q

what type of impulse will increase the amount of watery secretion?

A

parasympathetic impulses

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17
Q

what type of impulse will result in decreased amount of saliva with thicker consistency?

A

sympathetic

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18
Q

what 3 things does the luminal wall mucosa contain?

A

surface epithelium
lamina propria
muscularis mucosae

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19
Q

the lamina propria of the mucosa is made of?

A

loose CT

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20
Q

muscularis mucosae =

A

smooth muscle

21
Q

the submucosa is made of?

A

more dense ct and larger blood vessels

22
Q

what is the function of the submucosal (Meissner) plexus?

A

influence the mucosa

23
Q

which plexus is found between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers?

A

myenteric (Auerbach) plexus

24
Q

which plexus influences the muscularis externa?

A

myenteric (auerbach) plexus

25
Q

what type of muscle is the muscularis externa?

A

smooth muscle

26
Q

what is the fiber orientation of the muscularis externa?

A

inner circular and outer longitudinal- normal pattern

27
Q

what is next to the muscularis externa?

A

serosa or adventitia

28
Q

what is the edge of simple squamous epithelium?

A

serosa- some CT

29
Q

what is the adventitia made of?

A

CT

seen with vertical organs

30
Q

what is the fx of the esophagus?

A

transfer bolus to stomach from oropharynx

31
Q

what is the surface epithelium of the mucosa of the esophagus?

A

stratified squamous

32
Q

which structure of the esophagus contains Langerhans cells?

A

mucosa

33
Q

what is the lamina propria of the esophagus made of?

A

loose areolar ct

34
Q

what is the fx of the lamina propria of the esophagus?

A

produce neutral mucus to protect esophageal epithelium

35
Q

what are the 2 locations of the lamina propria of the esophagus?

A

near pharynx

near stomach

36
Q

what is the discontinuous layer of longitudinal muscle in the esophagus?

A

muscularis mucosae

37
Q

the muscularis mucosae of the esophagus is ______ distally (by pharynx) and ________ proximally (by stomach)

A

thinner ^; thicker

38
Q

what is the submucosa of the esophagus made of?

A

dense fibroelastic ct

39
Q

what type of glands does the submucosa of the esophagus contain?

A

esophageal proper glands

40
Q

what is the fx of the submucosa of the esophagus?

A

produce slightly acidic mucus to lubricate food movement

41
Q

what STIMULATES peristalsis, INHIBITS sphincters and ACTIVATES secretion?

A

parasympathetics (vagus and sacral)

42
Q

what INHIBITS peristalsis, CONTRACTS sphincters and CONTROLS blood flow to the gut?

A

sympathetics (splanchnics)

43
Q

descending colon and rectum =

A

sacral nerves

44
Q

what are the layers of the muscularis externa of esophagus?

A

upper 1/3- skeletal muscle
middle 1/3- mix of smooth and skeletal
lower 1/3- smooth muscle

45
Q

the esophagus is primarily adventitia or serosa?

A

primarily adventitia except last 1-2 in which is serosa

46
Q

vertical =

A

cut longitudinally

47
Q

what are the 2 esophageal associated sphincters?

A

pharyngoesophageal sphincter

gastroesophageal sphincter

48
Q

where is the pharyngoesophageal sphincter?

A

btw oropharynx and esophagus

49
Q

where is the gastroesophageal sphincter?

A

btw stomach and esophagus

organ histology final (9 decks)

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