digestive system pt 2

Question 1

which is the largest salivary gland?

Answer 1

parotid gland

Question 2

which is the largest salivary gland but produces 30% of total salivary output?

Answer 2

parotid gland

Question 3

which nerve passes through the parotid gland?

Answer 3

facial nerve

Question 4

which gland is most affected by mumps?

Answer 4

parotid gland

Question 5

which gland is 100% serous producing?

Answer 5

parotid gland

Question 6

what is the fx of the parotid gland?

Answer 6

breakdown carbs

Question 7

what 3 products are produced by the parotid gland?

Answer 7

salivary amylase (a- amylase)
lysosome
secretory IgA

Question 8

which gland is smaller and produces 60% of total salivary output?

Answer 8

submandibular gland

Question 9

which gland is a mixed gland producing mucus and serous products?

Answer 9

submandibular gland

Question 10

what percent serous producing is the submandibular gland?

Answer 10

80-90%

Question 11

which is the smallest salivary gland producing only 5% salivary output?

Answer 11

sublingual gland

Question 12

all serous products of the sublingual gland come from serous ______?

Answer 12

demilunes- no separate serous acini

Question 13

which salivary gland produces a mixed product but is primarily serous producing?

Answer 13

submandibular

Question 14

which salivary gland produces a mixed product but is primarily mucus producing?

Answer 14

sublingual

Question 15

what impulse stimulates saliva secretions?

Answer 15

autonomic efferent impulses

Question 16

what type of impulse will increase the amount of watery secretion?

Answer 16

parasympathetic impulses

Question 17

what type of impulse will result in decreased amount of saliva with thicker consistency?

Answer 17

sympathetic

Question 18

what 3 things does the luminal wall mucosa contain?

Answer 18

surface epithelium
lamina propria
muscularis mucosae

Question 19

the lamina propria of the mucosa is made of?

Answer 19

loose CT

Question 20

muscularis mucosae =

Answer 20

smooth muscle

Question 21

the submucosa is made of?

Answer 21

more dense ct and larger blood vessels

Question 22

what is the function of the submucosal (Meissner) plexus?

Answer 22

influence the mucosa

Question 23

which plexus is found between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers?

Answer 23

myenteric (Auerbach) plexus

Question 24

which plexus influences the muscularis externa?

Answer 24

myenteric (auerbach) plexus

Question 25

what type of muscle is the muscularis externa?

Answer 25

smooth muscle

Question 26

what is the fiber orientation of the muscularis externa?

Answer 26

inner circular and outer longitudinal- normal pattern

Question 27

what is next to the muscularis externa?

Answer 27

serosa or adventitia

Question 28

what is the edge of simple squamous epithelium?

Answer 28

serosa- some CT

Question 29

what is the adventitia made of?

Answer 29

CT seen with vertical organs

Question 30

what is the fx of the esophagus?

Answer 30

transfer bolus to stomach from oropharynx

Question 31

what is the surface epithelium of the mucosa of the esophagus?

Answer 31

stratified squamous

Question 32

which structure of the esophagus contains Langerhans cells?

Answer 32

mucosa

Question 33

what is the lamina propria of the esophagus made of?

Answer 33

loose areolar ct

Question 34

what is the fx of the lamina propria of the esophagus?

Answer 34

produce neutral mucus to protect esophageal epithelium

Question 35

what are the 2 locations of the lamina propria of the esophagus?

Answer 35

near pharynx | near stomach

Question 36

what is the discontinuous layer of longitudinal muscle in the esophagus?

Answer 36

muscularis mucosae

Question 37

the muscularis mucosae of the esophagus is ______ distally (by pharynx) and ________ proximally (by stomach)

Answer 37

thinner ^; thicker

Question 38

what is the submucosa of the esophagus made of?

Answer 38

dense fibroelastic ct

Question 39

what type of glands does the submucosa of the esophagus contain?

Answer 39

esophageal proper glands

Question 40

what is the fx of the submucosa of the esophagus?

Answer 40

produce slightly acidic mucus to lubricate food movement

Question 41

what STIMULATES peristalsis, INHIBITS sphincters and ACTIVATES secretion?

Answer 41

parasympathetics (vagus and sacral)

Question 42

what INHIBITS peristalsis, CONTRACTS sphincters and CONTROLS blood flow to the gut?

Answer 42

sympathetics (splanchnics)

Question 43

descending colon and rectum =

Answer 43

sacral nerves

Question 44

what are the layers of the muscularis externa of esophagus?

Answer 44

upper 1/3- skeletal muscle middle 1/3- mix of smooth and skeletal lower 1/3- smooth muscle

Question 45

the esophagus is primarily adventitia or serosa?

Answer 45

primarily adventitia except last 1-2 in which is serosa

Question 46

vertical =

Answer 46

cut longitudinally

Question 47

what are the 2 esophageal associated sphincters?

Answer 47

pharyngoesophageal sphincter | gastroesophageal sphincter

Question 48

where is the pharyngoesophageal sphincter?

Answer 48

btw oropharynx and esophagus

Question 49

where is the gastroesophageal sphincter?

Answer 49

btw stomach and esophagus