digestive system pt 2 Flashcards
which is the largest salivary gland?
parotid gland
which is the largest salivary gland but produces 30% of total salivary output?
parotid gland
which nerve passes through the parotid gland?
facial nerve
which gland is most affected by mumps?
parotid gland
which gland is 100% serous producing?
parotid gland
what is the fx of the parotid gland?
breakdown carbs
what 3 products are produced by the parotid gland?
salivary amylase (a- amylase)
lysosome
secretory IgA
which gland is smaller and produces 60% of total salivary output?
submandibular gland
which gland is a mixed gland producing mucus and serous products?
submandibular gland
what percent serous producing is the submandibular gland?
80-90%
which is the smallest salivary gland producing only 5% salivary output?
sublingual gland
all serous products of the sublingual gland come from serous ______?
demilunes- no separate serous acini
which salivary gland produces a mixed product but is primarily serous producing?
submandibular
which salivary gland produces a mixed product but is primarily mucus producing?
sublingual
what impulse stimulates saliva secretions?
autonomic efferent impulses
what type of impulse will increase the amount of watery secretion?
parasympathetic impulses
what type of impulse will result in decreased amount of saliva with thicker consistency?
sympathetic
what 3 things does the luminal wall mucosa contain?
surface epithelium
lamina propria
muscularis mucosae
the lamina propria of the mucosa is made of?
loose CT
muscularis mucosae =
smooth muscle
the submucosa is made of?
more dense ct and larger blood vessels
what is the function of the submucosal (Meissner) plexus?
influence the mucosa
which plexus is found between the circular and longitudinal muscle layers?
myenteric (Auerbach) plexus
which plexus influences the muscularis externa?
myenteric (auerbach) plexus
what type of muscle is the muscularis externa?
smooth muscle
what is the fiber orientation of the muscularis externa?
inner circular and outer longitudinal- normal pattern
what is next to the muscularis externa?
serosa or adventitia
what is the edge of simple squamous epithelium?
serosa- some CT
what is the adventitia made of?
CT
seen with vertical organs
what is the fx of the esophagus?
transfer bolus to stomach from oropharynx
what is the surface epithelium of the mucosa of the esophagus?
stratified squamous
which structure of the esophagus contains Langerhans cells?
mucosa
what is the lamina propria of the esophagus made of?
loose areolar ct
what is the fx of the lamina propria of the esophagus?
produce neutral mucus to protect esophageal epithelium
what are the 2 locations of the lamina propria of the esophagus?
near pharynx
near stomach
what is the discontinuous layer of longitudinal muscle in the esophagus?
muscularis mucosae
the muscularis mucosae of the esophagus is ______ distally (by pharynx) and ________ proximally (by stomach)
thinner ^; thicker
what is the submucosa of the esophagus made of?
dense fibroelastic ct
what type of glands does the submucosa of the esophagus contain?
esophageal proper glands
what is the fx of the submucosa of the esophagus?
produce slightly acidic mucus to lubricate food movement
what STIMULATES peristalsis, INHIBITS sphincters and ACTIVATES secretion?
parasympathetics (vagus and sacral)
what INHIBITS peristalsis, CONTRACTS sphincters and CONTROLS blood flow to the gut?
sympathetics (splanchnics)
descending colon and rectum =
sacral nerves
what are the layers of the muscularis externa of esophagus?
upper 1/3- skeletal muscle
middle 1/3- mix of smooth and skeletal
lower 1/3- smooth muscle
the esophagus is primarily adventitia or serosa?
primarily adventitia except last 1-2 in which is serosa
vertical =
cut longitudinally
what are the 2 esophageal associated sphincters?
pharyngoesophageal sphincter
gastroesophageal sphincter
where is the pharyngoesophageal sphincter?
btw oropharynx and esophagus
where is the gastroesophageal sphincter?
btw stomach and esophagus
