digestive system practical

Question 1

structure that anchors the organs to the body wall and provides a pathway for nerves and blood vessels to reach organs

Answer 1

mesentery

Question 2

fingerlike extensions of the intestinal mucosa that increase the surface area

Answer 2

villi

Question 3

organ which secretes a variety of digestive enzymes, including trypsin and lipases

Answer 3

pancreas

Question 4

organ which performs many digestive and excretory functions, stores and processes nutrients, synthesizes new molecules and detoxifies harmful chemicals

Answer 4

Live

Question 5

two anatomic regions involved in the mechanical breakdown of food

Answer 5

oral cavity and stomach

Question 6

organ that mixes the food in the mouth and initiates swallowing

Answer 6

tongue

Question 7

common passageway for air and food

Answer 7

pharynx

Question 8

literally a food chute; has no digestive or absorption role

Answer 8

esophagus

Question 9

hardest substance in the body; covers teeth

Answer 9

enamel

Question 10

sac-like outpockets of the large intestine wall

Answer 10

haustra

Question 11

Projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increases the cell’s surface area

Answer 11

microvilli

Question 12

prevents food from moving back into the small intestine once it has entered the large intestine

Answer 12

ileocecal valve

Question 13

organ responsible for most food and water absorption

Answer 13

small intestine

Question 14

organs primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation

Answer 14

colon

Question 15

largest of the salivary glands

Answer 15

parotid

Question 16

blind sac hanging from the cecum

Answer 16

appendix

Question 17

organ in which protein digestion begins

Answer 17

stomach

Question 18

structure into which the stomach empties

Answer 18

duodenum

Question 19

sphincter, controlling movement of food from stomach to duodenum

Answer 19

pyloric sphincter

Question 20

uvula hangs from its posterior

Answer 20

soft palate

Question 21

organ that receives pancreatic juice and bile

Answer 21

small intestine

Question 22

serous membrane tat forms the lining of the abdominal cavity

Answer 22

peritoneum

Question 23

major site of vitamin k and b formation

Answer 23

stomach

Question 24

region containing two sphincters through which feces is expelled

Answer 24

anal canal

Question 25

anteriosuperior boundary of oral cavity; supported by bone

Answer 25

hard palate

Question 26

sphincter that causes heartburn when it malfunctions

Answer 26

esophageal/cardiac sphincter