Digestive System Embryology Flashcards
What is the vitelline duct
Narrow connective between the midgut and yolk sac
What is the stomodeum
The blind end of the foregut as a ectodermal depression which later forms oral cavity
What is the provtodeum
Ectodermal depression with blind end of the hind gut which later forms the anus
What is the oropharyngeal membrane
The ecto-endodermal membrane which separates stomodeum from the foregut
What is the anal membrane
The ecto-endodermal membrane between hind gut and proctodeum
What is the primitive gut tube and what is it composed of
Derived from endoderm and extends from oropharygeal membrane to the cloacal membrane and is composed of the foregut midgut and hind gut
Later development the membranes regress and becomes continuous
What 2 major abdominal organs come from distal region of the foregut
Liver and pancreas
What is the stomach and what happens to the stomach in embryological development
Fusiform dilation of the caudal part of the foregut and attached to dorsal abdominal wall by dorsal mesogastrium and ventral wall by ventral mesogastrium
As dorsal region grows at a greater rate than ventral it results in a dorsal greater curvature
What are the 2 rotations of the stomach in embryological development
First is moves through an angle of 90 degrees to the left about a cranial caudal axis so the former left side is ventral and former right side is dorsal
Second?
What happens in the liver development
Liver develops from the hepatic diverticulum, an endodermal outpouching of the foregut, and grows into the ventral mesogastrium
What is the lesser omentum
Connecting the stomach (lesser curvature) and the liver
What is the falciform ligament
Connecting the liver to the ventral body wall
Describe (simple) the spleen embryological development
The spleen develops within the dorsal mesogastrium, which is the mesentery attached to the greater curvature side of the stomach
What is the proper oral cavity
Space within the dental arcades
What separates the vestibule oral cavity and the proper oral cavity
Dental arcades
How does the vestibule communicate with proper oral cavity
Interdental spaces
What is the labial vestibule
Space between incisors and lips
What is the buccal vestibule
Spaces between molar teeth and cheeks
What are the salivary glands
Paired organs that secrete saliva via their ducts into oral cavity and keeps mucosa of the mouth moist and mixed with food to lubricated passage of the food during swallowing
What are the groups of salivary glands
Minor and major salivary glands
Where are minor salivary glands
In the mucosa of the lips, cheeks, tongue, palate and the sublingual oral floor.
What do minor salivary glands produce
Mucosa, thick protective, secretion
Where are the major salivary glands
Located at a distance from the oral cavity and drain through ducts
What does the major salivary glands release
Watery, serous fluid, some of them a serous-mucous secretion with amylase which initiates carbohydrate digestion