digestive system

Question 1

gastrointestinal tract

Answer 1

organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces

Question 2

oral cavity

Answer 2

part of the mouth behind the gums and teeth that is bounded above by the hard and soft palates and below by the tongue and by the mucous membrane connecting it with the inner part of the mandible

Question 3

hard palate

Answer 3

he bony front part of the palate

Question 4

soft palate

Answer 4

flexible part toward the back of the roof of the mouth

Question 5

uvula

Answer 5

fleshy extension at the back of the soft palate that hangs above the throat

Question 6

lingual frenulum

Answer 6

small fold of mucous membrane extending from the floor of the mouth to the midline of the underside of the tongue

Question 7

pharynx

Answer 7

membrane-lined cavity behind the nose and mouth, connecting them to the esophagus

Question 8

esophagus

Answer 8

part of the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach; the gullet

Question 9

mucosa

Answer 9

a mucous membrane

Question 10

submucosa

Answer 10

layer of areolar connective tissue lying beneath a mucous membrane

Question 11

muscularis externa

Answer 11

a region of muscle in many organs in the vertebrate body, adjacent to the submucosa

Question 12

serosa

Answer 12

tissue of a serous membrane tissue of a serous membrane

Question 13

visceral peritoneum

Answer 13

part of the peritoneum that lines the abdominal viscera

Question 14

parietal peritoneum

Answer 14

is that portion that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities

Question 15

mesentery

Answer 15

fold of the peritoneum that attaches the stomach, small intestine, pancreas, spleen, and other organs to the posterior wall of the abdomen

Question 16

stomach

Answer 16

internal organ in which the major part of the digestion of food occur

Question 17

cardioesophageal sphincter

Answer 17

surrounds the lower part of the esophagus at the junction between the esophagus and the stomach

Question 18

pyloric sphincter

Answer 18

a band of smooth muscle at the junction between the pylorus of the stomach and the duodenum of the small intestine

Question 19

rugae

Answer 19

a term used in anatomy that refers to a series of ridges produced by folding of the wall of an organ

Question 20

greater curvature

Answer 20

boundary of the stomach that forms a long usually convex curve on the left from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum

Question 21

lesser curvature

Answer 21

boundary of the stomach that in humans forms a relatively short concave curve on the right from the opening for the esophagus to the opening into the duodenum

Question 22

greater omentum

Answer 22

a large apron-like fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach

Question 23

chyme

Answer 23

pulpy acidic fluid that passes from the stomach to the small intestine, consisting of gastric juices and partly digested food

Question 24

small intestine

Answer 24

the part of the intestine that runs between the stomach and the large intestine

Question 25

ileocecal valve

Answer 25

valve formed by two folds of mucous membrane at the opening of the ileum into the large intestine

Question 26

duodenum

Answer 26

first part of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach

Question 27

jejunum

Answer 27

part of the small intestine between the duodenum and ileum

Question 28

ileum

Answer 28

third portion of the small intestine, between the jejunum and the cecum

Question 29

pancreatic ducts

Answer 29

chief duct of the pancreas that runs from left to right through the body of the gland, passes out its neck, and empties into the duodenum either through an opening shared with the common bile duct or through one close to it

Question 30

bile duct

Answer 30

duct that conveys bile from the liver and the gallbladder to the duodenum

Question 31

Large intestine

Answer 31

the cecum, colon, and rectum collectively

Question 32

cecum

Answer 32

a pouch connected to the junction of the small and large intestines

Question 33

appendix

Answer 33

tube-shaped sac attached to and opening into the lower end of the large intestine in humans and some other mammals

Question 34

colon

Answer 34

long, coiled, tubelike organ that removes water from digested food. The remaining material, solid waste called stool, moves through the colon to the rectum and leaves the body through the anus

Question 35

rectum

Answer 35

Having to do with the rectum, the last 6 to 8 inches of the large intestine that serves to store solid waste until it leaves the body through the anus

Question 36

anal canal

Answer 36

most terminal part of the lower GI tract/large intestine

Question 37

ascending colon

Answer 37

first main part of the large intestine, which passes upward from the cecum on the right side of the abdomen

Question 38

transverse colon

Answer 38

middle part of the large intestine, passing across the abdomen from right to left below the stomach

Question 39

descending colon

Answer 39

part of the large intestine that passes downward on the left side of the abdomen toward the rectum

Question 40

sigmoid colon

Answer 40

S-shaped last part of the large intestine, leading into the rectum

Question 41

liver

Answer 41

large lobed glandular organ in the abdomen of vertebrates, involved in many metabolic processes

Question 42

gall bladder

Answer 42

small sac-shaped organ beneath the liver, in which bile is stored after secretion by the liver and before release into the intestine