Digestive System Flashcards
gastr/o
stomach
hepat/o
liver
chol/e
gall, bile
cyst/o
bladder/sac
emes/o
vomit
lith/o
stone
lapar/o
abdominal wall
-centesis
to puncture
-tripsy
to crush
-rrhea
flow, discharge
-iasis
abnormal condition
-osis
abnormal condition
hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
hepatoma
tumor of the liver
emesis
vomiting
emetic
stimulating vomiting
antiemetic
stopping vomiting
cholelithotomy
removal of gall stones
laparotomy
cutting into the abdomen
abdominocentesis
puncturing and draining
cholelithotripsy
smashing gall stones with sound waves
cholelithiasis
presence of gall stones causing symptoms
cholecystitis
inflammation of the gall
cholecystectomy
removal of gallbladder
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Severe “heartburn”
GERD
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Jaundice
yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes from a backup of bile metabolic by-products from the blood into body tissues
Diverticulosis/diverticulitis
Small pouches may form along the walls of the large intestine called diverticuli which if symptomatic, causing discomfort to the patient, is called diverticulosis. These abnormal outpocketings may collect and not be able to empty fecal material which can lead to inflammation, diverticulitis.
Cirrhosis
orange-yellow
Portal hypertension
A potential complication of chronic alcoholism resulting in liver damage and obstruction of venous blood flow through the liver
Esophageal varices
bulging, engorged veins in the walls of the esophagus are often a complication of chronic alcoholism
Dysphagia
Difficulty swallowing
Crohn’s Disease
a chronic inflammatory disease primarily of the bowel
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity
peritoneal signs
tender abdomen, rebound pain (pain when manual pressure released from examining abdomen), board-like rigidity of abdominal muscles, no bowel sounds
Gastroenterologist
a physician specializing in diseases of the digestive system including esophagus, stomach and intestines
Proctologist
a physician specializing in diseases of the rectum and anus
Guaiac test (Hemoccult, Fecult)
a special chemical test to identify blood in the stool (feces
Upper GI series
a series of X-rays of the esophagus and stomach and small intestines having the patient swallow a “milkshake” of barium
Lower GI series
a series of X-rays using a barium enema to show the large intestine and rectum
Endoscopy
use of a flexible fiberoptic instrument attached to a video camera that can be used to directly visualize the esophagus, stomach and large bowel
Ultrasonography (ultrasound)
a procedure using high frequency sound waves to visualize internal organs
