Digestive System Flashcards
Ingestion/eating
Food is taken in by the body
Digestion
Food is broken down
Absorption
Digested food passes into the bloodstream
Assimilation
Using the food in the cells of the body
Elimination
Getting rid of undigested food
Enzymes
Enzymes are chemicals that speed up reactions without being used up in the reaction, enzymes act on substrate and breaks it down into a product.
Example: substrate
=starch, enzyme =
Amylase (saliva),
Product = maltose(sugar)
Chemical digestion
Most chemical digestion happens in the small intestine.
Bile
Bile made in liver to break down fats
Pancreas
Makes digestive juices which contain enzymes
Physical digestion
Happens in the mouth with the teeth and stomach with the churning.
Mouth
Physical and chemical digestion
Oesophagus
Brings food from mouth to stomach
Liver
Makes bile
Stomach
Physical and chemical digestion
Pancreas
Makes digestive juices
Small intestine
Most chemical digestion
Large intestine
Water reabsorption
Rectum
Stores undigested food
Anus
Undigested food passes out
Gall bladder
Bile is stored in the gall bladder, from where it is passed into the small intestine.
Incisors
At the front of the mouth, used for Biting and cutting food, 4 upper and 4 lower
Canine
One at either side of the incisors,Grasp and tear, 2 upper and 2 lower
Pre-molars
3 at either side of canine, 6 upper and 6 lower, used for Grinding and crushing food
Molars
2 at either side of the pre-molars, 2 upper 2 lower, used for Grinding and crushing food
Herbivore
Only eats plants, very large incisors, large molars and pre-molars to chew grass
Carnivore
Only eats meat, large canine teeth, use the teeth to catch an tear their prey
Omnivore
Eats plants and meat, need all of the different teeth
