Circulatory System Flashcards
Oxygen
From inhaled air in the lungs, needed for respiration
Glucose
From digestive system, necessary for respiration and cell function
Carbon dioxide
From cellular respiration, needs to be exhaled via the lungs
Waste
From body process, needs to be excreted via the lungs, skin, kidneys
Components of blood
Red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma and platelets
Plasma
Liquid part of the blood, pale yellow mostly water.
Function of plasma
To transport heat and chemicals
Useful and waste chemicals that plasma transports
Useful- food and hormones Waste- CO2, salts and urea
What does plasma also carry
Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
Where are red blood cells located
In the bone marrow
What’s the function of red blood cells
Transports oxygen to cells
Where does the red colour of red blood cells come from
Haemoglobin
What does haemoglobin pick up in the lungs
Oxygen
What is the definite shape of white blood cells
No definite shape, it can change over time
Where are white blood cells located
In the bone marrow
What is the white blood cells function
To fight infection
What do white blood cells do
Some surrounded micro-organisms and destroy them,
Others produce proteins called antibodies
What do antibodies do
Antibodies help destroy micro-organisms such as bacteria
Where are platelets formed
The bone marrow
What is the platelets function
To help form blood clots
How are platelets formed
Larger cells breaking down into pieces
What do blood clots prevent
Loss of blood and prevent micro-organisms getting i
What are the tubes that help blood flow called
Blood vessels
What are the three main types of blood vessels
Arteries, veins and capillaries
Where do arteries carry the blood away from
The heart
What is the flow of blood like in the arteries
Strong and high pressure
What are the artery walls
Thick and strong
What do all arteries carry(apart from pulmonary arteries)
Oxygenated blood
What do veins carry blood back to
The heart
What is the flow of blood like in veins
Weak and the pressure is low
What are vein walls like
Weak and thin
What are in veins
Valves
What do valves do in veins
Prevent backward flow of blood
What do all veins(apart from pulmonary veins) carry
Deoxygenated blood
What are capillaries
Tiny blood vessels
Where can capillaries be found
In between arteries and veins
What are capillaries walls like
Thin which allow materials to pass in and out
What is the hearts function
Pumps blood around the body
What special muscle does the heart have
Cardiac muscle
What happens to the heart during exercise
It beats faster so that the blood can carry chemicals faster around the body
What is an adults resting heart rate
72 bpm
What are the two circuits
Pulmonary circuit and systemic circulation
Pulmonary circuit
Blood leaves the heart, goes to the lungs to become oxygenated and returns to the hesrt
Systemic circuit
Blood leaves the heart, travels to other parts of the body and returns to the hesrt
