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ANAPHY LAB > DIGESTIVE > Flashcards

DIGESTIVE Flashcards

1
Q
  • Chew
  • Tear
  • Grind
  • Mash
  • Mix
A

MECHANICAL DIGESTION

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2
Q
  • Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of
    – Carbohydrates
    – Proteins
    – Lipids
A

CHEMICAL DIGESTION

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3
Q

the INTRINSIC nervous system of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

A

ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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4
Q

It contains complete reflex circuits that detect the physiological condition of the gastrointestinal tract, integrate information about the state of the gastrointestinal tract, and provide outputs to control gut movement, fluid exchange between the gut and its lumen, and local blood flow.

A

ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM

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5
Q

motility, rhythm and FORCE OF THE CONTRACTIONS of the muscularis

A

MYENTERIC PLEXUS (plexus of Auerbach)

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6
Q

REGULATION of digestive secretion and reacting to the presence of food

A

SUBMUCOSAL PLEXUS (plexus of Meissner)

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7
Q

(plexus of Meissner)

A

SUBMUCOSAL PLEXUS

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8
Q

(plexus of Auerbach)

A

MYENTERIC PLEXUS

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9
Q

Lipids are absorbed via _______, tiny structures of the LYMPHATIC SYSTEM.

A

LACTEALS

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10
Q

The blood vessels’ second function is to supply the organs of the __________ with the nutrients and oxygen needed to drive their cellular processes.

A

ALIMENTARY CANAL

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11
Q

anterior parts of the alimentary canal

A

AORTIC ARCH & THORACIC AORTA

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12
Q

liver, stomach, duodenum

A

CELIAC TRUNK

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13
Q

small and large intestine

A

SUPERIOR & INFERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERIES

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14
Q

membrane, a sheet of smooth tissue that LINES YOUR ABDOMINOPELVIC CAVITY and surrounds your abdominal organs. It PADS and INSULATES your organs, helps hold them in place and secretes a lubricating fluid to reduce friction when they rub against each other

A

PERITONEUM

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15
Q

Inflammation of the peritoneum

A

PERITONITIS

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16
Q

a site of FAT DEPOSITION in people who are overweight

A

GREATER OMENTUM

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17
Q

ANCHORS THE LIVER to the anterior abdominal wall and inferior border of the diaphragm

A

FALCIFORM LIGAMENT

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18
Q

– suspends the stomach from the inferior border of the liver
– provides a pathway for structures connecting to the liver

A

LESSER OMENTUM

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19
Q

ANCHORING all of the SMALL INTESTINE except the initial portion (the duodenum)

A

MESENTERY

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20
Q

attaches TWO PORTIONS OF LARGE INTESTINE (the transverse and sigmoid colon) to the posterior abdominal wall

A

MESOCOLON

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21
Q
  • tube within a tube
  • direct LINK/PATH between organs
A

GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

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22
Q

Teeth mechanically break down food into small pieces. Tongue mixes food with saliva (contains amylase, which helps break down starch).

A

MOUTH

23
Q

a FLAP-LIKE structure at the back of the throat that closes over the trachea preventing food from entering it. It is located in the Pharynx.

A

EPIGLOTTIS

24
Q

EPIGLOTTIS is located in the

A

PHARYNX

25
Q

ESOPHAGUS is approx. how long

A

20cm

26
Q
  1. Secrete mucus
  2. Moves food from the throat to the stomach using muscle movement called peristalsis
A

ESOPHAGUS

27
Q

If acid from the stomach gets in here that’s

A

HEARTBURN

28
Q

J-shaped muscular bag that stores the food you eat, breaks it down into tiny pieces.

A

STOMACH

29
Q

the STOMACH Mixes food with DIGESTIVE JUICES that contain enzymes to break down ___________

A

PROTEINS & LIPIDS

30
Q

Acid (HCl) in the stomach Kills

A

BACTERIA

31
Q

Food found in the stomach is called

A

CHYME

32
Q

SMALL INTESTINES are how long

A

7 meters

33
Q

lining of intestine walls has FINGER-LIKE projections called ____ to increase surface area

A

VILLI

34
Q

the villi are covered in ______ which further increases surface area for ABSORPTION

A

MICROVILLI

35
Q

Nutrients from the food pass into the ________ through the small intestine walls.

A

BLOODSTREAM

36
Q
  • Absorbs:
    – 80% ingested water
    – Vitamins
    – Minerals
    – Carbohydrates
    – Proteins
    – Lipids
  • Secretes digestive enzymes
A

SMALL INTESTINE

37
Q

made in the mouth and pancreas; breaks down COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES

A

AMYLASE

38
Q

made in the pancreas; breaks down FATS

A

LIPASE

39
Q

made in the pancreas; breaks down PROTEINS

A

PROTEASE

40
Q

breaks down LACTOSE

A

LACTASE

41
Q

breaks down SUCROSE

A

SUCRASE

42
Q

how lang is the large intestine

A

1.5 meters

43
Q

Accepts what small intestines don’t absorb

A

LARGE INTESTINE

44
Q

beginning of the large intestine

A

CECUM

45
Q

REMAINING water and electrolytes are absorbed

A

ASCENDING & TRANSVERSE COLON

46
Q

SHORT TERM STORAGE which HOLDS FECES before it is expelled

A

RECTUM

47
Q

closed on each side by a MUSCLE SPHINCTER

A

ANUS

48
Q

– Bacterial digestion
* Ferment carbohydrates
– Absorbs more water
– Concentrate wastes

A

LARGE INTESTINE

49
Q
  • Not part of the path of food, but play a critical role.
  • Include: Liver, gall bladder, and pancreas
A

GLANDS

50
Q
  • Directly affects digestion by producing BILE
  • filters out TOXINS and WASTE including drugs and alcohol and poisons.
A

LIVER

51
Q

helps digest fat

A

BILE

52
Q
  • STORES BILE from the liver, releases it into the small intestine.
A

GALL BLADDER

53
Q

Fatty diets can cause

A

GALLSTONES

54
Q
  • Produces digestive enzymes to digest FATS, CARBOHYDRATES and PROTEINS
  • Regulates blood sugar by producing INSULIN
A

PANCREAS

ANAPHY LAB (10 decks)

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