Digestion & Absorption I Flashcards
a series of involuntary wave-like muscle contractions which move food along the digestive tract
peristalsis
What does the pancreas secrete?
pancreatic juice which provides buffers and enzymes
Where do herbivores get most of their energy from?
fiber
Where does absorption occur in HINDgut fermenters?
after the true stomach (in the colon, cecum)
Where does absorption occur in FOREgut fermenters?
before the true stomach (in reticulum, rumen, abomasum)
what are examples of absorbable products
monosaccharides
monoglycerides
amino acids
fatty acids
glycerol
vitamins
salts
What is passage rate?
efficiency of nutrient absorption
What does feed processing do?
improves absorption
uncharged molecules move down their concentration gradient (ethanol, CO2, and O2)
passive transport
solutes moving against the concentration gradient
active transport
sugar, starch, cellulose, and hemicellulose are
carbohydrates
fatty acids and monoglycerides are
fats
Pathway of RUP dietary protein in ruminants
Rumen Undegradable Protein bypasses the rumen
Pathway of rumen degradable protein in ruminants
- Rumen
- Ammonia
- To liver –> urea –> back to rumen
- Amino Acids
- Peptides
- Microbes
- Amino Acids
Pathway of cellulose and hemicellulose in ruminants
- glucose
- CH4, CO2, H2
- Acetate, Propinate, Butryate
Pathway of starch and glucose in ruminants
microbes ferment them to produce acetate, propinate, and butyrate
VFA’s responsible for fat production
Butyrate and Acetate
VFA responsible for glucose production
Propinate
Highly specialized tissue that increase the surface area of the intestines, site for nutrient absorption
Villi
Where do non-fat type nutrients go?
hepatic portal vein –> liver
Where do fat type nutrients go?
lacteal system –> lymph vessel –> liver
What is the advantage of grain processing?
Increases digestibility
Why are cannulas not being used as often?
Complex procedure
Where is the major site for absorption of nutrients?
the small intestine
