Digestion

Question 0

What do the arteries do?

Answer 0

Carries blood away from the heart

Question 1

Give 3 examples of organ systems and their functions

Answer 1

Skeletal system
Circulatory system
Digestive system

Question 2

What is the order of which food goes down your digestive system?

Answer 2

Mouth
Gullet
Stomach
Small intestine 
Large intestine 
Anus

Question 3

What happens if you don’t produce much saliva?

Answer 3

It’s hard to swallow

Question 4

Why is acid needed in the stomach?

Answer 4

To kill off bacteria

Question 5

What must be special about the cell wall?

Answer 5

It must resistant to acid

Question 6

Where does glucose go after it is absorbed from the small intestine wall into the bloodstream?

Answer 6

It goes into the mitochondria of all cells for respiration

Question 7

Why are there no enzymes to break down vitamin and mineral molecules?

Answer 7

Because their small enough already to be absorbed into the blood

Question 8

Why is the small intestine over 7M long?

Answer 8

Because it needs to break down food and it needs to absorb molecules and it needs a long time to do that

Question 9

What does the mouth do?

Answer 9

Chews the food into small bits.
Adds salvia to lubricate food (make it slippy).
Contains enzymes called amylase to break down starch.

Question 10

What does the gullet do?

Answer 10

Passes food along after it’s swallowed.

Muscular contractions called peristalsis squeezes food along

Question 11

What does the stomach do?

Answer 11

Stores food
Hydrochtoric acid kills off bacteria
Contains enzymes called protease to break down proteins

Question 12

What does the small intestine do?

Answer 12

The small intestine absorbs food molecules.
It has high PH (alkali) conditions
Small molecules like glucose are absorbed into the bloodstream.

Question 13

What does the large intestine do?

Answer 13

Water is absorbed back into the bloodstream

Fibre swells up here and keeps the waste materials moving along

Question 14

What does the Anus do?

Answer 14

Waste material (poo) is stored until it goes out of the body through the anus

Question 15

What are enzymes and what do they do?

Answer 15

They are proteins which speed up the rate of chemical reactions in the body.

Question 15

What is the enzyme in saliva called? What food type does it break down?

Answer 15

The enzyme in saliva is AMYLASE and it breaks down carbohydrates.

Question 15

What happens in the large intestine?

Answer 15

Water is absorbed into the body.

Question 16

Why does the stomach contain muscular tissue?

Answer 16

To move the stomach walk and churn up the food. This helps the enzymes break down the food.

Question 17

Where is food absorbed?

Answer 17

Through the gut wall, which is in the small intestine, into the blood.

Question 18

What are villi?

Answer 18

Little ‘finger-like’ things on the wall of the small intestine. Villi absorb the food.

Question 19

Why are bacteria in the gut useful?

Answer 19

They produce enzymes that help break up the food
They make vitamins
They stop harmful bacteria growing and making you ill.

Question 20

In digestion, does food simply pass though the stomach wall into the body?

Answer 20

No. It has to be ‘broken down’ (by enzymes) into small molecules, and then ‘absorbed’ through the gut wall (in the small intestine)

Question 21

Where is water absorbed?

Answer 21

In the large intestine.