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Science > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

0
Q

What instrument would you use to look at a cell?

A

Microscope

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1
Q

What is an organism?

A

A LIVING THING made up of CELLS.

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2
Q

What can you do to help see cells under a microscope?

A

STAIN the cell with coloured dye or iodine.

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3
Q

Name 4 parts that both plant and animal cells have.

A

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Mitochondria

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4
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

Contains DNA and controls what the cell does.

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5
Q

What is the cytoplasm?

A

Jelly-like stuff in the cell where most of the chemical reactions happen.

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6
Q

What is the cell membrane?

A

Thin skin around the cell that holds the cell together, and controls what goes in & out.

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7
Q

What is the mitochondria?

A

Tiny structures in the cell where most of the REACTIONS for AEROBIC respiration happen.

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8
Q

Name 3 parts that only plant cells have and animal cells don’t have.

A

Cell wall
Vacuole
Chloroplasts

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9
Q

What is a cell wall?

A

Rigid outer coating containing cellulose, which gives support to the cell.

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10
Q

What is a vacuole?

A

Part of a plant cell filled with cell sap (weak solution of sugar and salt)

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11
Q

What is a chloroplast?

A

Part of a PLANT cell containing CHLOROPHYLL (used for photosynthesis).

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12
Q

What is a unicellular organism?

A

Living thing made up of only 1 cell.

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13
Q

Describe two different unicellular organisms.

A

Euglena (lives in water, swims with a tail like structure called a flagellum).

Amoeba (lives in water, squeezes water out of itself using a ‘contractile vacuole’).

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14
Q

What is tissue?

A

A GROUP OF similar CELLS.

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15
Q

What is an organ?

A

GROUP OF different TISSUES working together.

16
Q

What is an organ system?

A

GROUP OF ORGANS working together.

17
Q

How do things move in and out of cells?

A

By diffusion.

18
Q

Why do things need to move in and out of cells?

A

Cells need good things like glucose and oxygen to come in.

But cells don’t need waste like carbon dioxide - this needs to come out.

19
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The process where a substance moves FROM an area where there is LOTS of it, TO an area where there is LESS of it.

20
Q

What is a cell?

A

A tiny building block, found in every living organism, where respiration takes place.

21
Q

What do unicellular organisms have to help them survive?

A

They have ADAPTATIONS to the cell. Eg the tail of a Euglena.

22
Q

If an organism has MORE than one cell, what is it called?

A

Multi-cellular.

23
Q

Which type of respiration produces the most energy?

A

AEROBIC produces more energy than anaerobic respiration.

24
Q

What are the DIFFERENCES between plant and animal cells?

A

Only PLANT cells have these 3 things:

A Cell WALL (made of cellulose)
VACUOLE (filled with cell sap)
Chloroplasts (containing chlorophyll for photosynthesis)

25
Q

What are the SIMILARITIES between plant and animal cells?

A

Both plant AND animal cells have these 4 things:

Nucleus (controls the cell)
Cytoplasm (jelly where chemical reactions happen)
Cell MEMBRANE (skin around the cell)
MITOCHONDRIA (tiny structures where Aerobic respiration happens)

26
Q

Where in the cell does aerobic respiration take place?

A

Mitochondria.

27
Q

Where in the cell do most chemical reactions take place?

A

Cytoplasm.

28
Q

What part of the cell controls what the cell does?

A

The Nucleus.

29
Q

In a plant cell, where is Chlorophyll stored (used by the plant for photosynthesis)?

A

In the Chloroplasts.

30
Q

Is Cellulose found in animal cells, or plant cells, or both?

A

Plant cells only. The cell wall of a plant cell is made of cellulose.

31
Q

Which substances move into and out of cells during Aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose moves IN. Oxygen moves IN.

Glucose and oxygen is THEN turned into carbon dioxide, water and energy. So the carbon dioxide moves OUT. And the Water moves OUT.

32
Q

In diffusion, where do substances go to and from?

A

FROM areas of HIGH concentration, TO areas of LOW concentration.

Science (10 decks)

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