Digestion Flashcards
Mouth
Food is chewed saliva contains amylase to digest carbohydrates
Oesophagus
Muscular tube that pushes food along by persistalis
Stomach
Mechanical(churning)and chemical(enzymes)digestion occur .Acid is produced to kill bacteria
Ileum/small intestines
Absorption occurs.It is long, folded ,villi
Colon/large intestines
Water is reabsorbed
Rectum
Faeces stored
Anus
Egestion occurs
Digestion
The process of breaking down large insoluble food molecules into small molecules that can be absorbed into the blood in the small intestines.
Why does digestion have to occur
Because the nutrient groups that make up the majority of our diet(fat,carb,protein)are large and insoluble and need to be broken down to get into our bloodstream
What are the 5 main process to digest
Ingestion
Digestion
Absorption
Assimilation
Egestion
Ingestion
Food is taken through the mouth
Digestion
Food is broken into solubles substances (chemical)digestion in the mouth the starts then stomach and then small intestines
Absorption
The soluble products are absorbed into the bloodstream and then transported round the body
Assimilation
The soluble products of digestion are taken into the cells where they are used in al, living cells
Egestion
Removal of food waste via the anus(defecation)
Explain the digestive system
Mouth
Oesophagus /pharynX
Right:stomach!bile duct,pancreas,large intestines(colon)rectum
Left:diaphragm,liver,gall bladder,small intestines(ileum)appendix,anus
What is mechanical digestion
Mechanical digestion happens primarily in the mouth as our teeth cut and grind food into smaller pieces increasing the surface area.It also takes place in the stomach as it muscular/walls churn the food
Chemical digestion
Starts in the mouth and continues into the stomach and small intestines.It involves breaking the large molecules into smaller molecules enzymes are responsible for chemical digestion.
How many enzymes are there in digestion
3 main ones
Amylase
Breaks down carbohydrates into simpler sugars
molecules
Found in mouth.pancreas and small intestines
Protease
Breaks down protein into amino acids
Found in stomach pancreas and small intestines
Lipase
Break down fat into fatty acids and glycerol molecules
Found in pancreas and small intestines
How is the small intestine adapted
It is very long
The walls are folded
The walls are covered in villi
What are more detailed adaptions to the small intestines
In addition, the walls are very thin - only 1 cell thick AND the small intestine has a very good blood supply to carry away the products of digestion.
