Difficulties in preschool children

Question 1

What is the typical variation for understanding single words?

Answer 1

1. 10mo - 0-144 words
2. 16mo - 80-300 words

Question 2

What is the typical variation for saying single words?

Answer 2

1. 12 mo - 0-24 words
2. 24mo - 89-534 words

Question 3

What is the typical age variation for saying two words combinations?

Answer 3

Between 16mo and 2 years

Question 4

What are the risk factors for SLC difficulties in preschool children?

Answer 4

1. genetic and chromosomal syndromes of a learning disability
2. family history of SLCN
3. physical/motor difficulties
4. chronic illness inc. prem and low birth weight
5. sensory difficulties
6. environmental factors
7. bio factors

Question 5

What did a language delay describe?

Answer 5

Follow typical rate and progress of SLC development, but slower than expected for child’s age. Expected for child to catch up

Question 6

How many 3yos have language delay (Dale et al, 2003)

Answer 6

10%

Question 7

What are the features of a language disorder?

Answer 7

1. often an obvious and clear cause
2. do not follow typical rate and progress
3. will not catch up and difficulty will persist throughout life
4. negative outcomes for literacy, educaltion, psychosocial wellbeing

Question 8

What does the critical age hypothesis suggest about language difficulties? (Bishop, 2004)

Answer 8

if language difficulties still present by age 5, they are much more unlikely to resolve than if the child is younger

Question 9

What is the modern term for is a language difficulty persists?

Answer 9

developmental language disorder (DLD)

Question 10

What are the features of DLD?

Answer 10

1. child has language difficulties that create barriers to communication and learning in everyday life
2. unlikely to resolve by 5yo
3. complex - not caused by any known biomedical conditions
4. language difficulties can co-occur with other neurodevelopmental disorders
5. can be identified before 5yo

Question 11

What percentage of 3yo with language delay resolve by school age?

Answer 11

50%

Question 12

Why is it imp to identify children with SLC difficulties?

Answer 12

1. delay is a common sign of neurodevelopmental disorders
2. identify children at risk of DLD who will need support
3. inform on how to target interventions to most in need
4. supporting these children will help with their learning and life chances

Question 13

What are the features of the public health approach?

Answer 13

1. children’s SLCN is a public health need, not a clinical/medical condition
2. move away from diagnosis to supporting whole population
3. recognise SLC as essential to life chances