Differential diagnosis ( kumar's review and Neviel Book) Flashcards
Solitary pigmented
lesion
DDx
Kumar lecture
- Amalgam tattoo
- Melanocytic nevus
- Melanotic macule
- Post‐inflammatory melanosis
- Melanoma
Nodule on gingiva
(3P’s)
DDx
Kumar lecture
- Pyogenic granuloma
- Peripheral ossifying fibroma
- Peripheral giant cell granuloma
- Fibroma
- Parulis (not interproximal though)
- Gingival cyst (not interproximal though)
White Patch‐
Leukoplakia
(Oral Potentially
Malignant Disorder)
• Epithelial hyperplasia
• Epithelial hyperkeratosis
• Epithelial dysplasia
• Carcinoma‐in‐situ
• Squamous cell carcinoma
*Other white patches with an explanation (NOT OPMD)
• Hyperplastic candidiasis
• Frictional keratosis
• Oral hairy leukoplakia
Solitary non‐healing
ulcer
DDx
Kumar lecture
- Squamous cell carcinoma
- Traumatic ulcer
- Fungal ulcer
- Tuberculosis ulcer
- Major aphthous ulcer (immune related)
- Syphilitic chancre
Multilocular lesion
DDx
Kumar lecture
MACHO
- M‐myxoma
- A‐ameloblastoma
- C‐central giant cell granuloma
- H‐hemangioma
- O‐odontogenic keratocyst
- Cherubism (bilaterally)
- Intra‐osseous mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Radiolucency at
apex of decayed
tooth
DDx
Kumar lecture
- Periapical/radicular cyst
- Periapical/radicular granuloma
- Periapical/radicular abscess
- Periapical/radicular scar
Well‐defined
radiolucency
around crown
impacted molar
post. md
DDx
Kumar lecture
- D‐Dentigerous cyst
- O‐Odontogenic keratocyst
- A‐Ameloblastoma
Non‐ulcerated soft
tissue swelling in
tongue (or
submucosal)
DDx
Kumar lecture
- Granular cell tumor
- Neurofibroma
- Neuroma
- Schwannoma
- Deep hemangioma
- Fibroma
- Deep lipoma
- Include salivary gland neoplasm
Petechiae on palate
- • Scarlet fever
- • Infectious mononucleosis
- • Trauma
• NOT nicotine stomatitis
Swollen tonsils
DDx
Kumar lecture
- Infectious mononucleosis
- Streptococcal tonsillitis
Palatal lesions
DDx
Kumar lecture
- Necrotizing sialometaplasia
- Nicotine stomatitis
- Papillary hyperplasia of the palate
- Denture stomatitis
- Gumma
- Median palatine cyst
- Salivary gland tumor
- Cocaine abuse
- Leprosy
Swelling of palate
midline
DDx
Kumar Lecture
Torus
Median Palatal Cyst
Swelling of palate
DDx
Kumar Lecture
(not midline)
- Pleomorphic adenoma
- Adenoid cystic carcinoma (pain)
- Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (blue hue)
- Odontogenic tumor
- Abscess
Skull film
DDx
Kumar Lecture
- • Paget
- • Sickle cell anemia
- • Thalassemia
- • Multiple myeloma
- • Hand Schuller
Perioral crusts
DDx
Kumar Lecture
- Impetigo (amber/cornflakes stuck on skin)
- Recurrent herpes
Crops of coalescing
ulcers
- Recurrent herpes on palate/gingiva ( infectious category)
- Herpetiform aphthous (inflmatory category)
Conical teeth
DDx
Kumar Lecture
- Ellis van Creveld (chondroectodermal dysplasia)
- Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
Low Risk HPV
Tumors
- Verruca vulgaris (common wart)
- Squamous papilloma
- Condyloma acuminatum
High risk HPV
DDx
Kumar Lecture
- Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
- Cervical cancer
Angular cheilitis
cause
- Candida
- Iron deficiency
- B12 deficiency
- Pernicious anemia
- Folic acid deficiency
Multiple melanotic
macules
DDx
Kumar
- Peutz Jeghers
- Addison disease
Benign fibroosseous
lesions
DDx
Kumar
- Central cemento‐ossifying fibroma (neoplasm)
- Periapical cemento‐osseous dysplasia
- Florid cemento‐osseous dysplasia
- Focal cemento‐osseous dysplasia
- Fibrous dysplasia
- All have same histopathology therefore need an xray
Sun exposure
DDx
Kumar
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Actinic cheilitis
Recessive
DDx
Kumar
- Papillon Lefevre (autosomal)
- Chondroectodermal dysplasia (autosomal)
- Hypophosphatasia (autosomal)
- Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (X‐linked)
Café‐au‐lait
pigmentation
ddx
Kumar
- Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
- Neurofibromatosis of von Recklinghausen
Looks like
periodontitis
DDx
Kumar
- Langerhans cell disease
- Papillon Lefevre
Teeth “floating in
air” in childrenalveolar
bone loss
DDx
- Juvenile periodontitis
- Langerhans cell disease
- Papillon Lefevre
- Cyclic neutropenia/Agranulocytosis
- Burkitt’s lymphoma
Face/Angle swelling
List of dx
- Sjogren (parotid)
- Pleomorphic adenoma (parotid)
- Warthin tumor (parotid)
- Ameloblastoma (mandible)
- Cherubism (bilateral)
- Fibrous dysplasia (unilateral)
- Mumps (bilateral usu.)
- HIV (lymphoepithelial cysts)
- Bulimia
- Alcoholism
These are Intra osseous pathologies, what are the their Extra Osseous counterpart ?
• Lateral periodontal cyst
• Dentigerous cyst
• Central giant cell granuloma
- Lateral periodontal cyst‐Gingival cyst
- Dentigerous cyst‐Eruption cyst
- Central giant cell granuloma‐Peripheral giant cell granuloma
Tumors that sound
benign but are
malignant
- Melanoma
- Lymphoma
Same under
microscope
ddx
• Congenital epulis
• Granular cell tumor
Desquamative
gingivitis
ddx
• Erosive lichen planus
• Mucous membrane pemphigoid
• Pemphigus vulgaris
• Erythema multiforme
What are the Differential for the following:
• Glossitis
• Angular cheilitis
• Atrophy of papillae on tongue
• Pallor
1) Iron deficiency anemia
2) Pernicious anemia
3) Folic acid and B12 deficiency
4) Celiac sprue
What are the Differential for
gingival bleeding?
• Aplastic anemia
• Polycythemia
• Leukemia
• Thrombocytopenic purpura
• Hemophilia
Drugs that cause
gingival
enlargement
(gingival hyperplasia)
• Cyclosporine
• Phenytoin
• Nifedipine
Gingival
enlargement
• Leukemia
• Drug induced
Associations
With what the following are assoiciated?
• Heart shape
• Scalloping
• Ghost teeth
• Ghost cells
• Heart shape‐Nasopalatine canal cyst
• Scalloping‐traumatic bone cyst
• Ghost teeth‐regional odontodysplasia
• Ghost cells‐calcifying odontogenic cyst
Associations
With what the following are assoiciated?
• X looks like a “t”
• Snow capped
• Pebbly
• Pearly doughnut with ulcer and telangiectactic blood vessels•
• X looks like a “t”‐Turner
• Snow capped‐amelogenesis imperfecta
• Pebbly‐Verrucous carcinoma, lymphangioma
• Pearly doughnut with ulcer and telangiectactic blood vessels‐basal cell carcinoma
Associations
With what the following are assoiciated?
• Swiss cheese
• Tennis raquet, step ladder
• Bag of marbles
- Swiss cheese‐adenoid cystic carcinoma
- Tennis raquet, step ladder‐myxoma
- Bag of marbles‐compound odontoma
Associations
With what the following are assoiciated?
• Hair on end
• Mosaic jigsaw
• Cobblestone
• Sunray spiculated pattern
- Hair on end‐thalassemia and sickle cell anemia
- Mosaic jigsaw‐Paget histology
- Cobblestone‐Crohn, papillary hyperplasia
- Sunray spiculated pattern‐Osteosarcoma