Differential Association

Question 1

Sutherland 1939 proposed the theory

Answer 1

suggesting that offending behaviour can be explained by social learning

Question 2

what is the formula for this theory

Answer 2

frequency, duration and intensity of their social contracts influence their attitude to crime

Question 3

Sutherland 9 key principles

Answer 3

1-learned not inherited
2-learned through association
3- association is with intimate personal groups
4- techniques and attitudes are learned
5- learning is directional
6- if favourable attitudes outweigh unfavourable become offender
7- learning vary in frequency and intensity
8- criminal behaviour is learned through the same process

Question 4

biological factor

Answer 4

diathesis stress model may offer a better account by combining social factors with vulnerability

Question 5

strength - Osborn and West 1979

Answer 5

criminality runs in families
showed the fathers with criminal convictions
40% f sons committed crime by 18

criticism– may be inherited

Question 6

weakness- type of crime

Answer 6

can’t account for all crime

social learning confined to small crimes