Dietary therapies COPY Flashcards

1
Q

How does MCT diet differ from Ketogenic diet? (4)

A
  • Uses MCT oil as a source of medium-chain fatty acids
  • More easily absorbed than Long-chain fatty acid (KDT)
  • More easily delivered to liver than LCFA
  • Thus allows greater consumption of protein and carbohydrates
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2
Q

Calories obtained from Fat in:
- Keto Diet
- MCT Diet
- MAD
- LGIT Diet

A
  • Keto diet: 90%
  • MCT diet: 60-70%
  • MAD: 60-65% (30% protein)
  • LGIT diet 60% (20-30% protein)
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3
Q

Downside of MCT diet

A

more GI side effects from MCT oil (i.e. diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain)

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4
Q

Contraindications for Dietary therapy

A
  • Disorders of fatty acid metabolism
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5
Q

Conditions in which KDT Is Treatment Of Choice

A
  • Glucose transporter deficiency (glucose can’t be transported across BBB)
  • Pyruvate dehydrogenaze deficiency (pyruvate cannot be metabolized into acetyl-CoA)
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6
Q

Duration of dietary therapy
- Time to give therapy to see results
- consider discontinuation after___.

A
  • “give it a chance” time: 3 months
  • consider discontinuation after 2 years
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7
Q

Short-Term complications of Ketogenic diet (4)

A

Short term
- vomiting
- dehydration
- hypoglycemia
- acidosis

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8
Q

Recommend surveillance testing for KDT
- how often?
- blood (12)
- Urine (3)

A

Every 3 months:
Labs
- Fasting lipids
- BMP
- HFP
- Calcium
- magnesium
- phosphorous
- CBC
- Free and total Carnitine
- Zinc
- Selenium
- Vitamin D
-Beta hydroxy butyrate
Urine
- Urinalysis
- Urine calcium
- Creatinine

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9
Q

Add-on testing for longer term Dietary therapies (i.e. > 2 years) or high risk patients

A

Consider DEXA scan

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