Diet II Flashcards
what is the definition of nutrition?
utilization of food to enable the body to build, maintain and repair body tissue, and to supply heat and energy for the body
what are some essentials of the diet?
- carbohydrates
- proteins
- fats
- vitamins
- mineral salts
- water
- fibre (roughage)
what are some functions of water in the diet?
- provides moist environment for body cells
- participates in chemical reactions
- assists in regulation of body temperature
what is the function of roughage in the diet?
stimulates peristalsis and bowel movement
what saccharides do carbohydrates consist of?
- monosaccharides
- polysaccharides
- disaccharides
what is the main function of carbohydrates?
- provide heat and energy
- if eaten in excess, converted to fat and stored
in terms of absorption, what is fat broken down into
fatty acids and glycerol
what is the function of proteins?
- growth and repair of body cells
- synthesis of enzymes, plasma proteins and antibodies
what do complete (first class) proteins contain?
all essential amino acids to maintain health
what do incomplete (second class) proteins contain?
do not contain all amino acids
what are some mineral salts?
- calcium
- iron
- phosphorus
- iodine
- sodium
- potassium
what is the function of calcium in the body?
- haemostasis
- formation of bones and teeth
what is the function of iron in the body?
formation of haemoglobin
what is the function of phosphorus in the body?
associated with bone and tooth formation
what is the function of iodine in the body?
essential for thyroid gland secretions