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Systems Of The Body > Diet II > Flashcards

Diet II Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of nutrition?

A

utilization of food to enable the body to build, maintain and repair body tissue, and to supply heat and energy for the body

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2
Q

what are some essentials of the diet?

A
  • carbohydrates
  • proteins
  • fats
  • vitamins
  • mineral salts
  • water
  • fibre (roughage)
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3
Q

what are some functions of water in the diet?

A
  • provides moist environment for body cells
  • participates in chemical reactions
  • assists in regulation of body temperature
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4
Q

what is the function of roughage in the diet?

A

stimulates peristalsis and bowel movement

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5
Q

what saccharides do carbohydrates consist of?

A
  • monosaccharides
  • polysaccharides
  • disaccharides
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6
Q

what is the main function of carbohydrates?

A
  • provide heat and energy
  • if eaten in excess, converted to fat and stored
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7
Q

in terms of absorption, what is fat broken down into

A

fatty acids and glycerol

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8
Q

what is the function of proteins?

A
  • growth and repair of body cells
  • synthesis of enzymes, plasma proteins and antibodies
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9
Q

what do complete (first class) proteins contain?

A

all essential amino acids to maintain health

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10
Q

what do incomplete (second class) proteins contain?

A

do not contain all amino acids

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11
Q

what are some mineral salts?

A
  • calcium
  • iron
  • phosphorus
  • iodine
  • sodium
  • potassium
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12
Q

what is the function of calcium in the body?

A
  • haemostasis
  • formation of bones and teeth
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13
Q

what is the function of iron in the body?

A

formation of haemoglobin

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14
Q

what is the function of phosphorus in the body?

A

associated with bone and tooth formation

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15
Q

what is the function of iodine in the body?

A

essential for thyroid gland secretions

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16
Q

what is the function of sodium in the body?

A
  • maintenance of body fluid balance, contraction of muscles, transmission of nerve impulses
17
Q

what is the function of potassium in the diet?

A

similar to sodium

18
Q

what are the fat soluble vitamins?

A

vitamin A,D,E,K

19
Q

what are water soluble vitamins?

A

vitamin B complex and vitamin C

20
Q

what is the function of vitamin A in the body?

A
  • essential for growth
  • maintenance of epithelium
  • vision in dim light
21
Q

what is the function of vitamin D in the body?

A
  • formation of healthy bones
22
Q

what is the result of a Vit D deficiency?

A

rickets, may result in delayed tooth eruption

23
Q

what is the function of Vit K in the body?

A
  • formation of prothrombin and other factors in blood clotting
24
Q

what is the function of Vit C in the body?

A

formation of collagen

25
Q

what is the result of a Vit C deficiency?

A
  • gingival and periodontal issues
  • scurvy

Systems Of The Body (13 decks)

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