Diet I Flashcards
What do the phases of digestion include?
- ingestion
- movement
- mechanical and chemical digestion
- absorption
- elimination
What is mechanical digestion?
Mastication
What is chemical digestion?
Enzymatic reactions to improve digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
What does the GI/ alimentary tract consist of?
- mouth
- pharynx
- oesophagus
- stomach
- large intestine
- small intestine
- rectum
What is the epiglottis?
Flap-like structure at the back of the throat that closes over trachea and prevents food from entering it
What are the functions of the Oesophagus?
- Secrete mucus
- Moved food from the throat to stomach via peristalsis
What is the function of the stomach?
It mixes food with digestive enzymes to break down proteins and lipids
What is the name of food found in the stomach?
Chyme
How long is the small intestine?
7 meters long
What are the finger like projections which line the intestine walls called ? And their function?
Villi, which increase surface area
What are villi covered in?
Microvilli which further increases surface area for absorption
What are the names of the 3 parts of the intestine?
- duodenum
- jejunum
- lleum
What is the function of the small intestine?
- nutrients from the food pass into the bloodstream through the small intestine walls
- secretes digestive enzymes
How long is the large intestine?
5 ft long
What is the function of the large intestine?
- bacterial digestion
- protein breakdown
- absorbs more water
- concentrates waste
