Dictionary Flashcards
Sexual reproduction
Involves gametes from 2 parents and leads to variation
Asexual reproduction
One parent reproduces by mitosis to produce identical offspring
Fertilisation
Nuclei of male & gametes fusing together, combining their chromosomes
Pollination
Transfer of pollen from anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower
Variation
Difference between individuals as a result of sexual reproduction
Hydroponics
Plants grown in water containing nutrients, without soil
Seed
Fertilised ovule containing an embryo plant and a food store
What a female gamete turns into after fertilisation
Fruit
Mechanism for dispersing seeds formed from ovary wall
Tissue culture
Modern, high tech process where new plant grown from few cells of a donor plant
Germination
When a seed breaks dormancy and starts to grow into a new plant
Pharming
Producing medicines using genetically modified plants
Gamete
Special sex cells that parents produce during sexual reproduction
Chromosomes
DNA molecule that carries genetic information organised into genes
Gene
Sections of genetic code which are the instructions for building a new individual by getting proteins into correct order
Ovary (mammal)
Female reproductive organ where eggs are produced
Uterus
Organ in female mammal where offspring are conceived and where they are carried until birth
Oviduct
Tube in which an egg passes from the ovary
Embryo
Unborn offspring in the profess of developing, occurs after fertilisation of an egg.
Amniotic sac
Thin walled sac that surrounds the foetus during pregnancy
Holds the amniotic fluid which protects foetus during pregnancy and helps regulate their temperature
Stigma
Pollen grains become attached here
Amniotic fluid
Protective liquid inside the amniotic sac which protects the growing foetus during pregnancy by acting like a cushion
Placenta (mammal)
An organ inside the uterus which nourishes the foetus through the umbilical cord
Placenta (flower)
Part of the ovary wall in which the ovules are attached
Foetus
Offspring in the prenatal stages of development that follow the embryo stage
Called a foetus after implantation
Prenatal
Before birth; during or related to pregnancy
Pollen
Male gamete in a plant
Ovule
Female gamete in a plant
Ovary (plant)
Female part containing ovules
Style
Connects stigma to ovary
Stamen
Male part or anther and filament
Anther
Contains pollen grains (male sex cells)
Petal
Brightly coloured and scented to attract insects
Sepal
Protects unopened flower
Propagation
To produce more plants
Tubers
Underground food stores with special cells that can grow into new plants when conditions are right
Runners
Specialised stems which grow horizontally along the ground with baby plants at the end.
When they touch soil roots are produced and the young plant can grow independently
Leaflets
Special leaf tissues that can drop onto the soil and grow into new plants
Bulb
Different type of underground food store made of adapted stems with fleshy leaves
Artificial propagation
A type of propagation carried out by humans, where pieces of plant are cut off and are used to grow more plants identical to the parent plant
Aesthetics
How pretty something looks
