Diarrhea Flashcards
The most common intestinal maldigestion syndrome A. Pancreatic lipase deficiency B. Bacterial overgrowth C. Agammaglobulinemia D. Lactase deficiency
D
Which of the following is true?
A. Ulcerative colitis is a mucosal disease that usually involves the rectum and extends to involve all or part of the colon
B. The earliest lesions are aphthoid ulcerations and focal crypt abscesses
C. Presence of non-caseating granuloma
D. Presents as segmental colitis
A
A 20 year old engineering student had 8 episodes of voluminous rice-watery diarrhea for the past 2 hours and with decreasing urine output. Which of the following will be the most important aspect of the management?
A. Tetracycline 500 mg QID for 2 days
B. Loperamide TID to decrease stool output
C. Fluid and electrolyte correction
D. Ask the patient to fast from food and drinks to decrease fluid load to GI tract
C
Which of the following is an appropriate empiric treatment for a previously healthy adult patient with fever and diarrhea that has not resolved in 3 days? A. Fluids B. Macrolide C. Loperamide D. Quinolone
D
45 year old woman drinks milk twice daily to prevent osteoporosis. She consults you with complaints of crampy abdominal pain and passage of soft stools every time especially after drinking her second glass of milk. She is otherwise asymptomatic and PE is normal. What is the appropriate management for her?
A. Have a stool culture done to rule out bacterial infection
B. Refer patient for colonoscopy to rule out malignancy or inflammatory bowel disease
C. Advise patient to avoid dairy products and eat other calcium-rich foods
D. Treat with quinolone for two weeks and see the response
C
Ingestion of milk gives you abdominal bloating, excessive flatus, and diarrhea. What is the cause of your diarrhea according to predominant pathologic mechanism? A. Inflammatory B. Dysmotility C. Osmotic D. Secretory
C
Shaina is 9 months old and weighs 7 kg. Her mother brought her to you because of diarrhea for 1 week. The mother tells you that Shaina is too tired to drink from a cup. You found her abnormally sleepy, has sunken eyes, and skin pinch goes back very slowly. What is the assessment and classification of Shaina’s dehydration?
A. Moderate dehydration
B. Some dehydration
C. Severe dehydration
D. Septic shock
C
What is the preferred solution for IV therapy in severe dehydration? A. Ringer’s lactate B. Darrow’s solution C. Half normal saline in 5% dextrose D. Plain dextrose
A
Presence of WBC and blood in stools are seen in enteric infections with inflammatory response. Which of the following manifests with dysenteric symptoms?
A. EPEC
B. ETEC
C. Rotavirus
D. Shigella flexneri
D
Gastrointestinal pathogens causing acute inflammatory (invasion or cytotoxin) diarrhea
A. Clostridium perfringens
B. Clostridium difficile
C. Vibrio cholera
D. Bacillus cereus
B
WHO Oral Rehydration Solution A. Sodium chloride 3.5 g B. Potassium chloride 1.5 g C. Sodium bicarbonate 2.5 g D. Glucose 20 g
B
True about diagnostic testing for amebiasis
A. The presence of amebic trophozites containing RBCs in a diarrheal stool is highly suggestive of E histolytica
B. Amebiasis will never present months or years after travel to or residence in an endemic area
C. PCR assay for DNA in stool samples is the standard diagnostic approach in most hospitals worldwide
D. Microscopy is the most sensitive and specific method for identifying histolytica infection
A
Correct management of cases of cholera
A. Treatment first and foremost requires fluid resuscitation
B. Administration of plain water may take the place of ORS
C. Potassium intake should be discouraged
D. Among commercial IV fluids, normal saline is the best choice
A
Correctly paired E coli pathotype with its clinical syndrome
A. EHEC (enterohemorrhagic) hemorrhagic colitis
B. EPEC (enteropathogenic): dysentery
C. EAEC (enteroadherent): hemolytic uremic syndrome
D. EIEC (enteroinvasive): traveler’s diarrhea
A
An inexpensive agent for the prophylaxis of traveller’s diarrhea A. Azithromycin B. Furazolidone C. Bismuth subsalicylate D. Ciprofloxacin
C
