Dianbetes, Amputations and Acute Pain Management

Question 1

What is the function of insulin?

Answer 1

storage of glucose as glycogen in muscle tissue and the liver

Question 2

Fasting blood glucose levels

Answer 2

60-110 mg/dl

Question 3

Non fasting blood glucose levels

Answer 3

less than 200 mg/dl

Question 4

What are the primary cause of LEA?

Answer 4

vascular disease (1)
trauma (2)

Question 5

Physical Therapy management

Answer 5

Wound healing
Edema Control
Pain Management
Joint Mobility
Strengthening
Functional Mobility
Holistic care

Question 6

What are the 4 factors a diabetic diagnosis is based on?

Answer 6

1. Presence of polyuria, polydispia, weightloss, blurred vision and random plasma glucose greater than 200mg/dl
2. FPG greater than 126 mg/dl
3. 2 hour postload glucose greater than 200mg/dl using a 75g oral glucose load dissolved in water
4. A1C greater than 6.5%

Question 7

What are additional signs and symptoms of Type II diabetes?

Answer 7

1. Recurrent infections and prolonged wound healing
2. Genital pruritus
3. Visual changes
4. Paresthesias

Question 8

How long can hypoglycemia occur during or after exercise?

Answer 8

24 hours

Question 9

How much carbohydrates should a patient consume before and during activity?

Answer 9

10 grams per 30 minutes of activity

Question 10

What is the plasma glucose level of DKA?

Answer 10

500 and 700 mg/dl

Question 11

What are signs and symptoms of DKA?

Answer 11

1. polyuria, polydipsia, dehydration
2. weakness and lethargy
3. myalgia, hypertonia
4. headache, difficulty paying attention and confusion
5. anorexia
6. nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain,
7. dyspnea, deep and sighing respiration

Question 12

What is DKA?

Answer 12

ineffective levels of circulating insulin leads to elevated levels of ketones bodies in tissue. decreased insulin levels lead to uncontrolled fat breakdown-increases levels of free fatty acids released from liver=overproduction of ketone bodies which are acids and if not properly buffered by bases-DKA

Question 13

What does diabetic dermopathy look like?

Answer 13

circular, scaly light brown patches

commonly seen on the anterior aspect of the bilateral lower extremities

Question 14

Why are individuals with diabetes at a higher risk for infection?

Answer 14

1. decreased sensation
2. poor blood supply-lead to tissue hypoxia
3. hyperglycemic states which promotes rapid proliferation of pathogens
4. decreased immune response from reduced circulation
5. imparied WBC function
6. chemotaxis

Question 15

Diabetic neuropathy can also cause:

Answer 15

slow digestion of food in the stomach, carpal tunnel syndrome, ED, and other nerve problems

Question 16

How can neuropathies be manifested?

Answer 16

1. focal mononeuropathy and radiculopathy
2. symmetric senorimotor neuropathy associated with disabling pain and depression
3. autonomic neuropathy