Anesthesia

Question 1

4 stages of anesthesia:

Answer 1

1. amnesia
2. analgesia
3. inhibition of noxious reflexes
4. skeletal muscle relaxation

Question 2

Types of anesthesia

Answer 2

1. general

2. regional

Question 3

Types of regional anesthesia:

Answer 3

spinal, epidural, or peripheral nerve blocks

Question 4

Where is a spinal block inserted?

Answer 4

L4 or L5 nerve space

Question 5

What are the kinds of effects of anesthesia?

Answer 5

1. neurological
2. metabolic effects
3. cardiovascular
4. Respiratory

Question 6

What are the neurological effects of anesthesia?

Answer 6

Decreased cortical and autonomic function

If regional anesthesia used, delayed return of function of the affected limb(s)

Question 7

What are metabolic effects of anesthesia?

Answer 7

Hypothermia or malignant hypothermia (genetically linked)

Question 8

What are the cardiovascular effects of anesthesia?

Answer 8

Decreased peripheral vascular resistance due to muscular skeletal system not contracting
decreased BP, decreased stroke volume

Question 9

What are the respiratory effects of anesthesia?

Answer 9

Decrease in ALL normal function/movement of the lungs

Question 10

What are post operative complications of anesthesia?

Answer 10

Atelectasis, pneumonia, lung collapse

Question 11

What are some factors that increase risk of post operative respiratory complications?

Answer 11

diabetic, smoking, obesity, age extremes

Question 12

What are the three standards to move patient from PACU?

Answer 12

Control of surgical site bleeding
Stable vital signs
Adequate respiratory function

Question 13

What are neurological complications of anesthesia?

Answer 13

Altered consciousness or agitation
Peripheral muscle weakness or altered sensation
Cerebral edema or stroke

Question 14

What are cardiovascular complications of anesthesia?

Answer 14

Hypo/hypertension
MI
DVT
PE

Question 15

What are respiratory complications after anesthesia?

Answer 15

Atelectasis
Aspiration
Pulmonary Edema

Question 16

Standard operative positions :

Answer 16

supine (dorsal decubitus)
prone (ventral decubitus)
side lying
seated
lithotomy

Question 17

What are PT considerations?

Answer 17

vital signs
cognition
sensory and motor abilities
emesis basin
commode or bedpan
patient "teach back"