Dialysis

Question 1

What substances does dialysis remove from the body?

Answer 1

Urea
Potassium
Sodium
Creatanine
Other toxins

Question 2

What does dialysis infuse into the body?

Answer 2

Pure water
Bicarbonate
Sodium
Glucose
Pottassium

Question 3

What is the minimum amount of time patients should spend on dialysis a week?

Answer 3

4 hours

3 times a weel

Question 4

What substances does the patient have to reduce intake of?

Answer 4

Fluid (less than 1litre)
Low salt diet
Low potassium
Low phosphate (phosphate binding medication also)

Question 5

What is the gold standard way of getting access for dialysis?

Answer 5

Join and artery and vein together to make an enlarged thick walled vein called an arteriovenous fistula

Question 6

How long do you have to wait after making an arteriovenous fistula before it can be used for dialysis?

Answer 6

6 weeks

Question 7

What antibiotics would you use to treated an infected venous catheter?

Answer 7

Vancomycin (and exchange/remove line)

Question 8

How does peritoneal dialysis work?

Answer 8

Solutes in the peritoneal membrane are removed by osmosis

Question 9

Why is there an increased risk of hernias in peritoneal dialysis?

Answer 9

Increased intrabdominal pressure

Question 10

List 4 metabolic complications seen in end stage kidney disease

Answer 10

Bone mineral metabolism problems
Sodium and water retention
Anaemia
Accelerated CV disease

Question 11

What bone metabolism problems do you get with end stage kidney disease?

Answer 11

Phosphate retention
Low Vit 1 - 25 Vit D (converted in kidneys)
Hypocalcaemia as a result of the low vit D
This then leads to a raised PTH
This then results in bone loss.
This then causes lack of inhibition