Diagnostic tools - DSM and ICD Flashcards
How many axis does the DSM V have?
5
When was the original DSM published?
1952
What addition is the DSM currently on and how is it adapted?
5th (2013), publishers/writers meet regularly to review the strengths and weaknesses, they review scientific advancements and amend the criteria
How does the DSM 5 diagnose mental disorder?
As a clinically significant impairment or distress in one’s personal, social and occupational life
What is one of the goals of the DSM?
To be in sync with the ICD
How many axis are compulsory to be assessed on with the DSM?
3 - clinical syndromes, developmental and personality disorders, medical conditions
What is axis 1?
Clinical syndromes - refers to major diagnostic classification - e.g major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, eating disorders
What is axis 2?
Developmental and personality disorders - e.g schizoid personality, dependent personality and developmental disorders
What is axis 3?
Medical conditions
What is axis 4?
Psychosocial stressors - any potentially stressful events e.g bullying, poverty, homelessness
What is axis 5?
Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) 100 point rating scale from superior functioning (100) to unable to function (1)
What is the ICD 10?
It looks at the general health of a population and is used to monitor incidence and prevalence. it provides mortality and morbidity rates for the WHO.
What category is clinical psychology concerned with in the ICD 10?
Mental and behavioural disorders (v)
What letter are all the disorders coded with in the ICD 10?
F and they all have a number from 0-99 e.g Mood disorders are F30-39
How are disorders categorised in the ICD 10?
They have a number followed by a decimal point, where the type of disorder is represented: e.g F32.0 mild depression, F32.0.01 is mild depression with somatic symptoms
What does the coding in the ICD 10 allow clinicians to do?
To go from the general to the specific and to convey their diagnosis to others in an easy and systematic way
What is a strength of the diagnostic tools?
They allow people to be diagnosed which can help them get support and potentially financial help. It also allows appropriate treatment to be given
How do the diagnostic tools ensure reliability?
They allow a common diagnosis to be reached by clinicians, when two doctors use it they should reach the same conclusion
What criticisms have arisen concerning those reviewing the DSM 5?
They had to sign an agreement to say they wouldn’t discuss it, meaning that any changes couldn’t be challenged
What is a weakness of the DSM 5 and it’s labels?
‘borderline personality disorder’ reinforces stigma and has no useful info in its title
What concern has the BPS expressed?
The DSM 5 has brought in social norms which requires a clinician to make judgements using their own social norms which is very subjective. Social norms might be different in different cultures
Why are the tools overly simplistic?
They diagnose people according to set categories when it is likely that two people in the same category display the disorder differently
Why doesn’t it have temporal validity?
What we consider to be a mental illness changes over time e.g homosexuality
