Diagnostic tools - DSM and ICD

Question 1

How many axis does the DSM V have?

Answer 1

5

Question 2

When was the original DSM published?

Answer 2

1952

Question 3

What addition is the DSM currently on and how is it adapted?

Answer 3

5th (2013), publishers/writers meet regularly to review the strengths and weaknesses, they review scientific advancements and amend the criteria

Question 4

How does the DSM 5 diagnose mental disorder?

Answer 4

As a clinically significant impairment or distress in one’s personal, social and occupational life

Question 5

What is one of the goals of the DSM?

Answer 5

To be in sync with the ICD

Question 6

How many axis are compulsory to be assessed on with the DSM?

Answer 6

3 - clinical syndromes, developmental and personality disorders, medical conditions

Question 7

What is axis 1?

Answer 7

Clinical syndromes - refers to major diagnostic classification - e.g major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, eating disorders

Question 8

What is axis 2?

Answer 8

Developmental and personality disorders - e.g schizoid personality, dependent personality and developmental disorders

Question 9

What is axis 3?

Answer 9

Medical conditions

Question 10

What is axis 4?

Answer 10

Psychosocial stressors - any potentially stressful events e.g bullying, poverty, homelessness

Question 11

What is axis 5?

Answer 11

Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) 100 point rating scale from superior functioning (100) to unable to function (1)

Question 12

What is the ICD 10?

Answer 12

It looks at the general health of a population and is used to monitor incidence and prevalence. it provides mortality and morbidity rates for the WHO.

Question 13

What category is clinical psychology concerned with in the ICD 10?

Answer 13

Mental and behavioural disorders (v)

Question 14

What letter are all the disorders coded with in the ICD 10?

Answer 14

F and they all have a number from 0-99 e.g Mood disorders are F30-39

Question 15

How are disorders categorised in the ICD 10?

Answer 15

They have a number followed by a decimal point, where the type of disorder is represented: e.g F32.0 mild depression, F32.0.01 is mild depression with somatic symptoms

Question 16

What does the coding in the ICD 10 allow clinicians to do?

Answer 16

To go from the general to the specific and to convey their diagnosis to others in an easy and systematic way

Question 17

What is a strength of the diagnostic tools?

Answer 17

They allow people to be diagnosed which can help them get support and potentially financial help. It also allows appropriate treatment to be given

Question 18

How do the diagnostic tools ensure reliability?

Answer 18

They allow a common diagnosis to be reached by clinicians, when two doctors use it they should reach the same conclusion

Question 19

What criticisms have arisen concerning those reviewing the DSM 5?

Answer 19

They had to sign an agreement to say they wouldn’t discuss it, meaning that any changes couldn’t be challenged

Question 20

What is a weakness of the DSM 5 and it’s labels?

Answer 20

‘borderline personality disorder’ reinforces stigma and has no useful info in its title

Question 21

What concern has the BPS expressed?

Answer 21

The DSM 5 has brought in social norms which requires a clinician to make judgements using their own social norms which is very subjective. Social norms might be different in different cultures

Question 22

Why are the tools overly simplistic?

Answer 22

They diagnose people according to set categories when it is likely that two people in the same category display the disorder differently

Question 23

Why doesn’t it have temporal validity?

Answer 23

What we consider to be a mental illness changes over time e.g homosexuality