Diagnostic investigations Flashcards
What are the main types of investigations?
Radiological
Physiological
Pathological
What are investigations for?
Diagnosis Suitability for treatment Prognosis Monitoring treatment Screening
What do the lab need to know about the clinical context?
Demographics of patient Type of specimen Tests required Clinical diagnosis Relevant treatment
What are the 3 sources of error?
Pre-analytical - e.g. contamination, wrong tube, mislabelling
Analytical - e.g. machine not calibrated, dilution errors
Post-analytical - e.g. admin error, lack or knowledge or communication
What are the 3 features of microbiology?
MCS -
- Microscopy - see it
- Culture - grow it
- Sensitivity - kill it
What colour is gram positive staining?
Purple
What colour is gram negative staining?
Red
What are the two types of gram staining shapes seen?
- Cocci - circular shape
- Rods
Give examples of gram positive cocci
Staphylococcus (MRSA)
Streptococcus
Give examples of gram positive bacilli (rods)
Bacillus anthracis
Baccilus Cereus
Listeria
Propionobacterium acnes
Give an example of gram negative cocci
Neisseria (gohorrhoea)
Give examples of gram negative rods
E. coli
Klebsiella
Pseudomonas
Haemophilus
Give two examples of gram stain “funnies”
Vibrios - “comma shaped”
Campylobacter - “seagull shaped”