Diagnosis, Treatment & Surgery Flashcards
1
Q
List the four vital signs
A
temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate, blood pressure
2
Q
CT
A
computed tomography
3
Q
computed tomography
A
large number of x-rays used to create a computerized transverse image of dense and soft tissues alike
4
Q
fluoroscopy
A
x-rays cast a real-time shadow of dense tissues on a fluorescent screen after passing through the body’s soft tissues
5
Q
MRI
A
magnetic resonance imaging
6
Q
magnetic resonance imaging
A
transverse images produced by radio waves and magnetic field to view dense and soft tissues alike
7
Q
radiography
A
x-rays cast a shadow of dense tissues onto sensitized film after passing through the body’s soft tissues
8
Q
positron emission tomography
A
computerized images produced by tracking intentionally “tagged” molecular isotopes as they are distributed within the body by its various functions (used for analysis of blood flow and metabolic activities)
9
Q
PET
A
positron emission tomography
10
Q
scintigraphy
A
computerized images produced by tracking specific radioactive molecular isotopes as they are distributed by the body’s various functions within a specific tissue
11
Q
SPECT
A
single photon emission computed tomography
12
Q
single photon emission computed tomography
A
scintigraphic technique that produces a single cross-sectional image
13
Q
ultrasonography
A
motion picture of successive images produced by high-frequency sound waves which echo back after contacting various tissues
14
Q
ultrasonography, aka
A
sonography, echography
15
Q
echography, aka
A
sonography, ultrasonography
16
Q
sonography, aka
A
ultrasonography, echography
17
Q
treatment, aka
A
therapy
18
Q
therapy, aka
A
treatment
19
Q
anesthesia
A
drug providing loss of ability to feel pain
20
Q
auscultation
A
listening for sounds within the body
21
Q
biopsy
A
removal of a sample of tissue for microscopic evaluation
22
Q
cautery
A
destruction of tissue by a damaging agent (heat, chemical, electrical)
23
Q
chemotherapy
A
use of chemicals to treat disease
24
Q
diagnosis
A
determining the cause and nature of an illness
25
endoscope
instrument for viewing from within the body
26
excision
removal by cutting
27
fixation
holding or fastening a structure in a fixed position
28
grading
evaluating severity of a tumor by microscopic examination
29
immunotherapy
treatment involving stimulation or suppression of the immune system
30
incision
cut
31
inspection
visual examination
32
laser
a device that converts light into a beam of heat and power
33
opthalmoscope
instrument for viewing inside the eye
34
otoscope
instrument for viewing inside the ear
35
palliative
treatment that provides relief but no cure
36
palpation
examining the body by touch
37
percussion
examining the body by tapping and listening for the sound produced
38
prognosis
prediction of the course and outcome of the disease
39
sign
objective evidence of disease by testing or observation
40
sphygmomanomater
blood pressure apparatus or cuff
41
staging
evaluating severity of carcinoma metastases
42
stethoscope
instrument for hearing sounds from within the body
43
surgery
treatment of disease by manual operation
44
suture
thread used to stitch tissue together; process of uniting tissue by stitching it together
45
symptom
subjective evidence of disease by patient testimony
46
vital signs
measurements of basic bodily functions required to maintain life
47
acupuncture
ancient Chinese method of inserting needles into the body at specific points to treat disease or promote healing
48
biofeedback
method for learning control of involuntary physiologic responses by using electronic devices to monitor bodily changes and feeding it back to the body
49
chiropractic
manipulation of misalignments in the spine, focus on the condition of the nervous system in diagnosis and treatment of disease
50
holistic health care
comprehensive treatment of the whole patient, including maintenance of good health encompassing physical, emotional, spiritual and social needs.
51
homeopathy
administration of drugs in highly diluted forms to elicit the desired response from the body
52
massage
manipulation of the body to relieve tension, increase circulation, and stimulate muscle
53
meditation
concentrating on the inner self and clearing the mind using controlled breathing
54
naturopathy
holistic therapy focussing on healthy lifestyles as well as some conventional medicine to help patients heal themselves
55
osteopathy
holistic therapy using manual manipulation and nutrition to treat, as well as conventional diagnostics
56
aer/o
air, gas
57
bar/o
pressure
58
chrom/o, chromat/o
colour, stain
59
chron/o
time
60
cry/o
cold
61
electr/o
electricity
62
erg/o
work
63
phon/o
sound, voice
64
phot/o
light
65
radi/o
radiation, x-ray
66
son/o
sound
67
therm/o
heat, temperature
68
-graph
instrument for recording or record of data
69
-graphy
act of recording data & sometimes evaluating and interpreting data
70
-gram
record of data using a specialized technique for a specific area of the body
71
-meter
instrument for measuring
72
-metry
act of measuring
73
-scope
instrument for viewing or examining
74
-scopy
act of examining
75
-centesis
puncture
76
-desis
fusion, binding
77
-ectomy
excision, removal
78
-pexy
surgical fixation
79
-plasty
reconstruction, repair by plastic surgery
80
-rhaphy
suturing, repair
81
-stomy
creation of an opening
82
-tome
instrument for cutting
83
-tomy
cutting
84
-tripsy
crushing
85
clubbing
enlargement of the fingertips or toes due to overgrowth of soft tissue under the nails
86
colic
acute abd. pain associate with smooth-muscle spasms
87
cyanosis
bluish discoloration of skin due to lack of oxygen
88
diaphoresis
profuse swelling
89
malaise
feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness indicative of infection
90
nocturnal
occuring at night
91
pallor
paleness, lacking color in the skin
92
prodrome
any symptom indicating an impending disease
93
sequela
lasting effect of a disease
94
syncope
fainting, temporary loss of consciousness due to lack of blood to the brain
95
alpha-fetoprotein
fetal protein that appears in the blood of cancer-inflicted adults
96
bruit
abnormal sound heard during auscultation
97
facies
expression or appearance of the face
98
febrile
pertaining to fever
99
nuclear medicine
use of radioactive substances for diagnosis or therapy
100
radiology
use of various types of radiation to diagnose and treat disease
101
radioisotope
radioactive substance used to diagnose and treat disease
102
radioisotope, aka
radionuclide
103
speculum
instrument for examining a canal
104
syndrome
group of signs and symptoms that characterize a disease
105
catheter
thin tube inserted into a body cavity to remove or introduce fluids
106
clysis
introduction of fluid into the body, other than orally
107
irrigation
flushing of a tube, cavity or other fluid-filled area
108
lavage, aka
irrigation
109
lavage
flushing of a tube, cavity or other fluid-filled area
110
radioisotope
radioactive substance used to diagnose and treat disease
111
normal saline solution
sodium chloride solution compatible with live cells
112
physiologic saline solution
sodium chloride solution compatible with live cells
113
normal saline solution, aka
physiologic saline solution
114
paracentesis
puncture of a cavity for removal of fluid
115
prophylaxis
disease prevention
116
ligature
tie or bandage
117
ligation
tying or binding a wound
118
resection
partial excision of a structure
119
ADL
activities of daily living
120
BP
blood pressure
121
bpm
beats per minute
122
C
celcius, centigrade
123
CC
chief complaint
124
c/o
complains of
125
EOMI
extraocular membrane intact
126
ETOH
ethyl alcohol
127
HEENT
head, eyes, eyes, nose, throat
128
h/o
history of
129
H&P
history and phsyical
130
HPI
history of present illness
131
HR
heart rate
132
Hx
history
133
I&O
intake & output
134
IPPA
inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
135
IVDA
intravenous drug abuse
136
mmHg
millimetres of mercury (units for blood pressure)
137
NAD
no apparent distress
138
NKDA
no known drug allergies
139
P
pulse
140
PE
physical examination
141
PE(R)RLA
pupils equal (regular) react to light and accommodation
142
PMH
past medical history
143
pt
patient
144
R
respiration
145
R/O
rule out
146
ROS
review of systems
147
T
temperature
148
TPR
temperature, pulse, respiration
149
VS
vital signs
150
WD
well developed
151
WNL
within normal limits
152
w/o
without
153
ABC
aspiration biopsy cytology
154
AFP
alpha-fetoprotein
155
BS
bowel sounds
156
bx
biopsy
157
CAM
complementary & alternative medicine
158
Ci
Curie
159
C&S
culture & sensitivity (of bacteria to drugs)
160
dc
discontinue
161
D/C
discontinue
162
Dx
diagnosis
163
EBL
estimated blood loss
164
ICU
intensive care unit
165
I&D
incision & drainage
166
MET
metastasis
167
NS
normal saline
168
N/S
normal saline
169
NSS
normal saline solution
170
PCA
patient-controlled analgesia
171
PICC
peripherally inserted central catheter
172
PSS
physiologic saline solution
173
RATx
radiation therapy
174
TNM
tumor, nodes, metastases
175
UV
ultraviolet
176
AP
anteroposterior
177
LL
left lateral
178
PA
posteroanterior
179
RL
right lateral
180
AMA
against medical advice
181
AMB
ambulatory
182
BRP
bathroom privileges
183
CBR
complete bed rest
184
DNR
do not resuscitate
185
KVO
keep vein open
186
NPO
"non par os"(latin, nothing by mouth)
187
OOB
out of bed
188
QNS
quantity not sufficient
189
QS
quantity sufficient
190
STAT
immediately
191
TKO
to keep open
192
Components are temperature, pulse rate, respiration rate, blood pressure
vital signs
193
motion picture of successive images appearing on a fluoroscopic screen
cineradiography
194
large number of x-rays used to create a computerized transverse image of dense and soft tissues alike
computed tomography
195
x-rays cast a real-time shadow of dense tissues on a fluorescent screen after passing through the body's soft tissues
fluoroscopy
196
transverse images produced by radio waves and magnetic field to view dense and soft tissues alike
magnetic resonance imaging
197
x-rays cast a shadow of dense tissues onto sensitized film after passing through the body's soft tissues
radiography
198
computerized images produced by tracking intentionally "tagged" molecular isotopes as they are distributed within the body by its various functions (used for analysis of blood flow and metabolic activities)
positron emission tomography
199
computerized images produced by tracking specific radioactive molecular isotopes as they are distributed by the body's various functions within a specific tissue
scintigraphy
200
scintigraphic technique that produces a single cross-sectional image
single photon emission computed tomography
201
motion picture of successive images produced by high-frequency sound waves which echo back after contacting various tissues
ultrasonography
202
treatment, aka
therapy
203
drug providing loss of ability to feel pain
anesthesia
204
listening for sounds within the body
auscultation
205
removal of a sample of tissue for microscopic evaluation
biopsy
206
destruction of tissue by a damaging agent (heat, chemical, electrical)
cautery
207
determining the cause and nature of an illness
diagnosis
208
instrument for viewing from within the body
endoscope
209
removal by cutting
excision
210
holding or fastening a structure in a fixed position
fixation
211
evaluating severity of a tumor by microscopic examination
grading
212
treatment involving stimulation or suppression of the immune system
immunotherapy
213
Medical term for cut
incision
214
Medical term for visual examination
inspection
215
a device that converts light into a beam of heat and power
laser
216
instrument for viewing inside the eye
opthalmoscope
217
instrument for viewing inside the ear
otoscope
218
treatment that provides relief but no cure
palliative
219
examining the body by touch
palpation
220
examining the body by tapping and listening for the sound produced
percussion
221
prediction of the course and outcome of the disease
prognosis
222
objective evidence of disease by testing or observation
sign
223
blood pressure apparatus or cuff
sphygmomanomater
224
evaluating severity of carcinoma metastases
staging
225
instrument for hearing sounds from within the body
stethoscope
226
treatment of disease by manual operation
surgery
227
thread used to stitch tissue together; process of uniting tissue by stitching it together
suture
228
subjective evidence of disease by patient testimony
symptom
229
measurements of basic bodily functions required to maintain life
vital signs
230
ancient Chinese method of inserting needles into the body at specific points to treat disease or promote healing
acupuncture
231
method for learning control of involuntary physiologic responses by using electronic devices to monitor bodily changes and feeding it back to the body
biofeedback
232
manipulation of misalignments in the spine, focus on the condition of the nervous system in diagnosis and treatment of disease
chiropractic
233
comprehensive treatment of the whole patient, including maintenance of good health encompassing physical, emotional, spiritual and social needs.
holistic health care
234
administration of drugs in highly diluted forms to elicit the desired response from the body
homeopathy
235
manipulation of the body to relieve tension, increase circulation, and stimulate muscle
massage
236
concentrating on the inner self and clearing the mind using controlled breathing
meditation
237
holistic therapy focussing on healthy lifestyles as well as some conventional medicine to help patients heal themselves
naturopathy
238
holistic therapy using manual manipulation and nutrition to treat, as well as conventional diagnostics
osteopathy
239
Root Word: air, gas
aer/o
240
Root Word: pressure
bar/o
241
Root Word: colour, stain
chrom/o, chromat/o
242
Root Word: time
chron/o
243
Root Word: cold
cry/o
244
Root Word: electricity
electr/o
245
Root Word: work
erg/o
246
Root Word: sound, voice
phon/o, son/o
247
Root Word: light
phot/o
248
Root Word: radiation, x-ray
radi/o
249
Root Word: heat, temperature
therm/o
250
Suffix: instrument for recording or record of data
-graph
251
Suffix: act of recording data & sometimes evaluating and interpreting data
-graphy
252
Suffix: record of data using a specialized technique for a specific area of the body
-gram
253
Suffix: instrument for measuring
-meter
254
Suffix: act of measuring
-metry
255
Suffix: instrument for viewing or examining
-scope
256
Suffix: act of examining
-scopy
257
Suffix: puncture
-centesis
258
Suffix: fusion, binding
-desis
259
Suffix: excision, removal
-ectomy
260
Suffix: surgical fixation
-pexy
261
Suffix: reconstruction, repair by plastic surgery
-plasty
262
Suffix: suturing, repair
-rhaphy
263
Suffix: creation of an opening
-stomy
264
Suffix: instrument for cutting
-tome
265
Suffix: cutting
-tomy
266
Suffix: crushing
-tripsy
267
enlargement of the fingertips or toes due to overgrowth of soft tissue under the nails
clubbing
268
acute abd. pain associate with smooth-muscle spasms
colic
269
bluish discoloration of skin due to lack of oxygen
cyanosis
270
profuse swelling
diaphoresis
271
feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness indicative of infection
malaise
272
occuring at night
nocturnal
273
paleness, lacking color in the skin
pallor
274
any symptom indicating an impending disease
prodome
275
lasting effect of a disease
sequela
276
fainting, temporary loss of consciousness due to lack of blood to the brain
syncope
277
fetal protein that appears in the blood of cancer-inflicted adults
alpha-fetoprotein
278
abnormal sound heard during auscultation
bruit
279
expression or appearance of the face
facies
280
pertaining to fever
febrile
281
use of radioactive substances for diagnosis or therapy
nuclear medicine
282
use of various types of radiation to diagnose and treat disease
radiology
283
radioactive substance used to diagnose and treat disease
radioisotope
284
radionuclide, aka
radioisotope
285
instrument for examining a canal
speculum
286
group of signs and symptoms that characterize a disease
syndrome
287
thin tube inserted into a body cavity to remove or introduce fluids
catheter
288
introduction of fluid into the body, other than orally
clysis
289
flushing of a tube, cavity or other fluid-filled area
irrigation
290
irrigation
lavage, aka
291
flushing of a tube, cavity or other fluid-filled area
lavage
292
radioactive substance used to diagnose and treat disease
radioisotope
293
sodium chloride solution compatible with live cells
normal saline solution
294
sodium chloride solution compatible with live cells
physiologic saline solution
295
physiologic saline solution
normal saline solution, aka
296
puncture of a cavity for removal of fluid
paracentesis
297
disease prevention
prophylaxis
298
device for allowing drainage of a wound or cavity
drain
299
tie or bandage
ligature
300
tying or binding a wound
ligation
301
partial excision of a structure
resection
302
Abbrev: activities of daily living
ADL
303
Abbrev: blood pressure
BP
304
Abbrev: beats per minute
bpm
305
Abbrev: chief complaint
CC
306
Abbrev: complains of
c/o
307
Abbrev: extraocular membrane intact
EOMI
308
Abbrev: ethyl alcohol
ETOH
309
Abbrev: head, eyes, eyes, nose, throat
HEENT
310
Abbrev: history of
h/o
311
Abbrev: history and phsyical
H&P
312
Abbrev: history of present illness
HPI
313
Abbrev: heart rate
HR
314
Abbrev: history
Hx
315
Abbrev: intake & output
I&O
316
Abbrev: inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
IPPA
317
Abbrev: intravenous drug abuse
IVDA
318
Abbrev: millimetres of mercury (units for blood pressure)
mmHg
319
Abbrev: no apparent distress
NAD
320
Abbrev: no known drug allergies
NKDA
321
Abbrev: pulse
P
322
Abbrev: physical examination
PE
323
Abbrev: pupils equal (regular) react to light and accommodation
PE(R)RLA
324
Abbrev: past medical history
PMH
325
Abbrev: patient
pt
326
Abbrev: respiration
R
327
Abbrev: rule out
R/O
328
Abbrev: review of systems
ROS
329
Abbrev: temperature
T
330
Abbrev: temperature, pulse, respiration
TPR
331
Abbrev: vital signs
VS
332
Abbrev: well developed
WD
333
Abbrev: within normal limits
WNL
334
Abbrev: without
w/o
335
Abbrev: aspiration biopsy cytology
ABC
336
Abbrev: alpha-fetoprotein
AFP
337
Abbrev: bowel sounds
BS
338
Abbrev: biopsy
bx
339
Abbrev: complementary & alternative medicine
CAM
340
Abbrev: Curie
Ci
341
Abbrev: culture & sensitivity (of bacteria to drugs)
C&S
342
Abbrev: discontinue
dc, D/C
343
Abbrev: diagnosis
Dx
344
Abbrev: estimated blood loss
EBL
345
Abbrev: intensive care unit
ICU
346
Abbrev: incision & drainage
I&D
347
Abbrev: metastasis
MET
348
Abbrev: normal saline
NS, N/S
349
Abbrev: normal saline solution
NSS
350
Abbrev: patient-controlled analgesia
PCA
351
Abbrev: peripherally inserted central catheter
PICC
352
Abbrev: postoperative
postop
353
Abbrev: preoperative
preop
354
Abbrev: physiologic saline solution
PSS
355
Abbrev: radiation therapy
RATx
356
Abbrev: prescription drug or therapy
Rx
357
Abbrev: tumor, nodes, metastases
TNM
358
Abbrev: anteroposterior
AP
359
Abbrev: left lateral
LL
360
Abbrev: posteroanterior
PA
361
Abbrev: right lateral
RL
362
Abbrev: against medical advice
AMA
363
Abbrev: ambulatory
AMB
364
Abbrev: bathroom privileges
BRP
365
Abbrev: complete bed rest
CBR
366
Abbrev: do not resuscitate
DNR
367
Abbrev: keep vein open
KVO
368
Abbrev: nothing by mouth
NPO ("non par os," latin)
369
Abbrev: out of bed
OOB
370
Abbrev: quantity not sufficient
QNS
371
Abbrev: quantity sufficient
QS
372
Abbrev: immediately
STAT
373
Abbrev: to keep open
TKO
374
bronchoscope
type of endoscope used to examine the bronchi
375
type of endoscope used to examine the bronchi
bronchoscope
376
bougie
slender, flexible instrument for exploring and dilating tubes
377
slender, flexible instrument for exploring and dilating tubes
bougie
378
cannula
tube enclosing a trocar that allows escape of fluid or air after removal of the trocar
379
tube enclosing a trocar that allows escape of fluid or air after removal of the trocar
cannula
380
clamp
instrument used to compress tissue
381
instrument used to compress tissue
clamp
382
curet/curette
spoon-shaped instrument for removing material from the wall of a cavity or other surface
383
spoon-shaped instrument for removing material from the wall of a cavity or other surface
curet/curette
384
elevator
instrument for lifting tissue or bone
385
instrument for lifting tissue or bone
elevator
386
forceps
instrument for holding or extracting
387
instrument for holding or extracting
forceps
388
Gigli saw
flexible wire saw
389
flexible wire saw
Gigli saw
390
hemostat
small clamp for stopping blood flow from a vessel
391
small clamp for stopping blood flow from a vessel
hemostat
392
rasp
surgical file
393
surgical file
rasp
394
retractor
instrument used to maintain exposure by separating a wound and holding back organs or tissues
395
instrument used to maintain exposure by separating a wound and holding back organs or tissues
retractor
396
rongeur
gouge forceps
397
gouge forceps
rongeur
398
scalpel
surgical knife
399
surgical knife
scalpel
400
scissors
cutting instrument with two opposing blades
401
cutting instrument with two opposing blades
scissors
402
sound
instrument for exploring a cavity or canal
403
trocar
sharp, pointed instrument contained in a cannula, used to puncture a cavity
404
sharp, pointed instrument contained in a cannula, used to puncture a cavity
trocar
405
instrument for exploring a cavity or canal
sound
406
Meaning of -gram vs -graph
record of data using a specialized technique for a specific area of the body vs instrument for recording or record of data
407
spell the word for surgical repair of the bladder
cystorrhaphy
408
surgical fixation of the bladder
cystopexy
409
cystopexy
surgical fixation of the bladder
410
cystorrhaphy
surgical repair of the bladder
411
fusion of a joint
arthrodesis
412
arthrodesis
fusion of a joint
413
instrument for incising a joint
arthrotome
414
arthrotome
instrument for incising a joint
415
creation of an opening into the colon
colostomy
416
colostomy
creation of an opening into the colon
417
identify and define the root word of allergy
erg, work
418
hepatorrhaphy
surgical repair of the liver
419
surgical repair of the liver
hepatorrhaphy
420
prediction of outcome of disease
prognosis
421
prognosis
prediction of outcome of disease
