Diagnosis, Families, Advanced Concepts Flashcards
Waxy flexibility
Psychomotor behavior associated with schizophrenia/catatonia
-client maintains position initiated by someone else
Posturing
Client voluntarily assumes or abnormal or bizarre positions/postures
Anergia
Abnormal lack of energy
Pathway to develop treatment plan
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Case conceptualization
- Treatment plan
Blunted affect
Individual shows little expression
OR
expressions respond slowly to mood or situation
Restricted affect
Individual shows only one facial expression
Stages of substance abuse
- Experimentation
- Regular use
- Problem use
- Dependence
- Addiction
Addiction
Physical and psychological need for the substance, despite problems its causing, exhibits cravings and substance seeking seeking behaviors
“V” Code (DSM)
What is being treated is not classified as a mental disorder but the focus of treatment (ex. uncomplicated bereavement)
Cyclothymic Disorder
301.13 (F34. 0)
Mood disorder that causes emotional highs and lows.
Mood shifts not as extreme as bipolar and can function (may be difficult)
Depressive and hypomania episodes do not meet criteria for other dx.
Anhedonia
The inability to experience joy or pleasure
conversion disorder
when an individual displays symptoms (generally neurological) which cannot be accounted for via medical exams/medical dx shows no reason for individual’s condition
la belle indifference
individual does not seem bothered/concerned by their condition
morphostasis
ability of the family to balance stability
morphogenesis
family’s ability to change
Satir (Experiential)
experiential conjoint family therapy
major goal = improve intrafamily communication
4 basic patterns prevent this:
1. placating
2. blaming
3. being overly reasonable
4. being irrelevant
family sculpting: experiential/expressive technique in which a family member places other family members in positions that symbolize their relationships with other members of the family
Whitaker (Experiential)
“the dean” of experiential family therapy
interactions= joining the family and experiencing it as if he were a family member
psychotherapy of the absurd (ex: couple in power struggle might be asked to play tug of war)
Premack’s Principle or Law
behaviorist
a family member must complete an unpleasant task (known as a low- probability behavior; LPB) before they would be allowed to engage in a pleasant task (known as a high-probability behavior; HPB)
Theory of Psychodynamic Family Counseling (Ackerman)
recommended studying the family not just the identified patient
true beginning of the family therapy movement (?) 1930s-1940s
concerned with internal feelings and thoughts of each individual as well as the dynamics between them
object = a significant other with whom a child wishes to bond (if not anxiety manifests)
introjects = the client unconsciously internalizes the positive and negative characteristics of the objects within themselves / taking in personality attributes of others that become part of your own self-image)
first order change
vs
second order change
1rst = changes that are superficial
2nd = actual change in the family structure that alters an undesirable behavioral pattern
protective systems (Skynner)
psychoanalytical
kids who had poor role models as children possess it
these individuals harbor unrealistic expectations of people in current relationships carried over from childhood
Haley (Strategic)
strategic school of family counseling
-design a strategy for each specific problem
directive/prescriptions = when therapist tells family what to do
double blind = a no-win situation characterized by contradictory messages such as never smoke again and then smoke as much as you want
pragmatic and often focuses on abating symptoms
solution/symptom focused
action-oriented
restraining helps overcome resistance by suggesting that it might be best if the family does NOT change
positioning
occurs when a counselor accepts the client’s predicament and then exaggerates the condition
Bowen (Intergenerational Family Therapy)
triangulation
differentiation = the extent that one can separate one’s intellect from one’s emotional self
nuclear family emotional system = current system is influenced by previous generations whether they are alive or dead
Minuchin (Structural)
structural family therapy
enactment
boundaries = physical and psychological entities that separate individuals and subsystems from others in the family
often mimic the family’s style = mimesis / helps JOIN
mean
only measure of central tendency which reacts to every score in the distribution
left hemisphere of the brain
is dominant in most people
main purpose of career group
to provide information to participants
4 process of motivational interviewing
- engaging
- focusing
- evoking
- planning
must know meta-analysis
psychotherapy had a strong or so-called big effect, checking in at .85
attribution theory (gestalt psychologist Heider)
attribution theorists assign a cause, explanation, or reason for behavior outcome of an event
when the cause or outcome is generated by the person = DISPOSITIONAL/INTERNAL ATTRIBUTION
when the cause is attributed to factors outside the individual = SITUATIONAL/EXTERNAL ATTRIBUTION
fundamental attribution error occurs when a person attempts to look at somebody’s negative behavior, failure, or undesirable event and come up with an explanation. tendency to put more stock in DISPOSITIONAL explanations than situational ones aka problem is attributed to the person
*most people attribute their own negative outcomes in life to situational/external attributes but assess other people’s as dispositional/internal
BUT depressed people usually blame themselves
downward arrow technique (Burns)
highly recommend to understand what client is truly upset about/ make client aware of the issue
real issue=core belief
telelogical approach
future oriented
